HAZMAT Table 1a ,,,,,,, "Hazardous Material Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation: 2002 ",,,,,,, "[Estimates are based on data from the 2002 Commodity Flow Survey. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive] ",,,,,,, Mode of transportation,Value,,Tons,,Ton-miles,,"Average miles per shipment" ,"2002 (million $)",Percent,"2002 (thousands)",Percent,"2002 (millions)",Percent, All modes," 660,181 ", 100.0 ," 2,191,519 ", 100.0 ," 326,727 ", 100.0 , 136 Single modes," 644,489 ", 97.6 ," 2,158,533 ", 98.5 ," 311,897 ", 95.5 , 105 Truck (1)," 419,630 ", 63.6 ," 1,159,514 ", 52.9 ," 110,163 ", 33.7 , 86 For-hire truck ," 189,803 ", 28.8 ," 449,503 ", 20.5 ," 65,112 ", 19.9 , 285 Private truck," 226,660 ", 34.3 ," 702,186 ", 32.0 ," 44,087 ", 13.5 , 38 Rail," 31,339 ", 4.7 ," 109,369 ", 5.0 ," 72,087 ", 22.1 , 695 Water," 46,856 ", 7.1 ," 228,197 ", 10.4 ," 70,649 ", 21.6 , S Air (includes truck and air)," 1,643 ", 0.2 , 64 , — , 85 , — ," 2,080 " Pipeline (2)," 145,021 ", 22.0 ," 661,390 ", 30.2 , S , S , S Multiple modes," 9,631 ", 1.5 ," 18,745 ", 0.9 ," 12,488 ", 3.8 , 849 "Parcel, U.S.P.S. or courier"," 4,268 ", 0.6 , 245 , — , 119 , — , 837 Other multiple modes," 5,363 ", 0.8 ," 18,500 ", 0.8 ," 12,369 ", 3.8 ," 1,371 ",,,,, Other and unknown modes," 6,061 ", 0.9 ," 14,241 ", 0.6 ," 2,342 ", 0.7 , 57 ,,,,, " KEY: – Represents and estimate equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure. S Estimate does not meet publication standards b ecause of highly sampling variability or poor response quality.",,,,,,,,,,,, " (1) ""Truck"" as a single mode includes shipments that were made by only private truck, only for-hire truck, or a combination of private and for-hire truck. (2) Estimates for pipeline exclude shipments of crude petroleum.",,,,,,,,,,,, "SOURCE: Bureau of Transportation Statistics (USDOT) and U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Commodity Flow Survey, Hazmat Data, December 2004.",,,,,,,,,,,,