TABLE 3 Semantic Scales,,,,,,,,,,
Author,Variable,Component,Numeric values (initial assignment),,,,,,,
,,,–2,–1,0,1,2,3,4,5
Arnold,Effectiveness,,,,,Minimal,Average,Maximum,,
Arnold,Cost ,,,,,Inexpensive,Average,Expensive,,
Arnold,Implementation,,,,,Easy,Average,Difficult,,
Arnold,Acceptability,,,,No,Yes,,,,
Downs,Effectiveness,Extent,,,,Narrow,Variable,Broad,,
Downs,Effectiveness,Impact,,,,Little,Moderate,Great,,
Downs,Cost,Direct to commuters,,,None,Minor,Moderate,Great,,
Downs,Cost,To all of society,,,None,Minor,Moderate,Great,,
Downs,Implementation,Required institution,,,None,Cooperative,Regional,,,
Downs,Implementation,Ease of administration,,,,Easy,Moderate,Hard,,
Downs,Acceptability,,,,,Poor,Moderate,Good,,
Zupan,Effectiveness,SOV reduction,,,None / varies / unknown,Low,Medium,High,,
Zupan,Effectiveness,Peak trip reduction,,,,,,,,
Zupan,Effectiveness,VMT reduction,Highly negative,Negative,,Positive,,,,
Zupan,Effectiveness,Transit impact,,,,,,,,
Zupan,Cost,Employee,,Lower,Same / none / varies / unknown / not applicable,,,,,
Zupan,Cost,Employer,,,,Higher,,,,
Zupan,Cost,Public capital,,,,,,,,
Zupan,Implementation,,,,Unknown / not applicable,Difficult to Easy,Difficult to Easy,Difficult to Easy,Difficult to Easy,Difficult to Easy
Zupan,Acceptability,Employee,,,Varies / unknown / not applicable,Low,Medium,High,,
Zupan,Acceptability,Employer,,,,,,,,
Zupan,Acceptability,Municipal           ,,Negative,,Positive,,,,
Zupan,Acceptability,Public,,,,,,,,
SOV = single-occupancy vehicle,,,,,,,,,,
VMT = vehicle-miles traveled,,,,,,,,,,