TABLE 4 Regression Results,,,,,, Author,Independent variables,,,d.f.,R2 (percent), ,Effectiveness,Cost,Implementation,,, Arnold,+0.51*,–0.28***,–0.57*,49,39.3, Downs,–0.32**,–0.62*,–0.35**,19,75.4, Zupan,–0.45*,+0.39*,–0.56*,18,78.3, Dueker et al,–0.84*,NA,–0.04,9,67.8, Booz-Allen Hamilton,–0.22***,NA,–0.70*,28,52.2, * significant at 0.01 level ,,,,,, ** significant at 0.05 level ,,,,,, *** 1.00 < t < 2.00,,,,,, d.f. = degrees of freedom,,,,,, NA = not applicable,,,,,, U = data are unavailable,,,,,,