TABLE B-2 Downs Model,,,,
,Equation,,,
,1,2,3,4
Assumptions: Semantic differences: Cost: None–minor,1,2.6,1,1.8
Assumptions: Semantic differences: Cost: Minor–moderate,1,1.0,1,1.0
Assumptions: Semantic differences: Cost: Moderate–great,1,1.0,1,1.0
Assumptions: Component weights: Effectiveness: Extent,1,1,1.0,1.0
Assumptions: Component weights: Effectiveness: Impact,1,1,1.3,1.1
Assumptions: Component weights: Cost: Direct to commuters,1,1,1.0,1.0
Assumptions: Component weights: Cost: To all of society,1,1,2.2,1.9
Assumptions: Component weights: Implementation: Required institution,1,1,13.0,11.0
Assumptions: Component weights: Implementation: Ease of administration,1,1,1.0,1.0
Results: Estimated coefficients: Supply-side: Coefficient,0.29*,0.27*,0.43*,0.37*
Results: Estimated coefficients: Supply-side: Standard error,0.14,0.13,0.14,0.13
Results: Estimated coefficients: Supply-side: t-score,2.16,2.11,3.05,2.80
Results: Estimated coefficients: Effectiveness: Coefficient,–0.22,–0.26*,–0.33*,–0.32*
Results: Estimated coefficients: Effectiveness: Standard error,0.14,0.13,0.12,0.12
Results: Estimated coefficients: Effectiveness: t-score,–1.58,–2.01,–2.77,–2.79
Results: Estimated coefficients: Cost: Coefficient,–0.59*,–0.58*,–0.64*,–0.62*
Results: Estimated coefficients: Cost: Standard error,0.14,0.13,0.13,0.13
Results: Estimated coefficients: Cost: t-score,–4.23,–4.5,–4.79,–4.95
Results: Estimated coefficients: Implementation: Coefficient,–0.3*,–0.36*,–0.28*,–0.35*
Results: Estimated coefficients: Implementation: Standard error,0.13,0.13,0.13,0.2
Results: Estimated coefficients: Implementation: t-score,–2.3,–2.89,–2.2,–2.81
Results: Goodness-of-fit: Standard error of Y,0.61,0.59,0.56,0.55
Results: Goodness-of-fit: R-squared,69.30%,71.10%,74.50%,75.40%
Results: Goodness-of-fit: Number of observations,23,23,23,23
Results: Goodness-of-fit: Degrees of freedom,19,19,19,19
* Significant at 95% confidence interval.,,,,