| Wagner and Gilbert (1978) |
7 applications + 2 impacts |
2 (capital + operating) |
|
|
13 TSM strategies |
| Misch and Margolin (1981) |
2 (effect + compatibility) |
1 (cost per VMT or VHT reduced) |
1 (feasibility or prospects) |
1 (feasibility or prospects) |
20 TSM actions |
| Schonfeld and Chadda (1985) |
4 effects + 1 application |
2 (user + general) |
1 (problems and requirements) |
1 (problems and requirements) |
50 travel reduction options |
| Levinson et al. (1987) |
17 (goals or impacts) |
|
|
|
10 TSM strategies |
| Bhatt and Higgins (1989) |
1 (results) |
|
|
|
25 TSM programs |
| ITE (1989) |
1 (impacts) |
1 (costs) |
1 (implementation) |
|
55 congestion management tools |
| Ferguson (1991) |
0 (implied) |
|
|
1 (public) |
4 TDM strategy groups |
| Downs (1992) |
2 (extent + impact) |
2 (commuter + social) |
2 (institution + administration) |
1 (political) |
23 congestion-reducing policies |
| Zupan (1992) |
1 application + 4 impacts |
3 (employee + employer + public) |
1 (index) |
4 (employee + employer + municipal + public) |
22 TDM solutions |
| Arnold (1993) |
1 (scalar) |
1 (scalar) |
1 (scalar) |
1 (number of agencies) |
53 congestion-reducing measures |
| Comsis (1993) |
1 (vehicle trip reduction) |
|
|
|
22 TDM programs |
| OECD (1994) |
8 applications + 8 impacts |
|
|
|
35 congestion control strategies |
| McBryan et al. (1996) |
2 applications + 2 impacts |
2 (incremental cost + who pays) |
4 (enabling + implementing authority + time + difficulties) |
|
33 TDM strategies |
| ITE (1997) |
1 (benefits/costs) |
1 (benefits/costs) |
1 (implementation) |
|
82 mobility enhancement tools |
| Dueker et al. (1998) |
3 applications + 2 impacts |
|
1 (administration) |
1 (political feasibility) |
10 parking management strategies |
| Booz-Allen & Hamilton (2000) |
9 direct + 12 indirect effects |
|
1 (practical feasibility) |
1 (political) |
32 TDM strategies |
| Totals |
91 |
15 |
14 |
11 |
489 |
