Summary of Social and Economic Characteristics,,,,,,,,, ,1980,1985,1990,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Total U.S. resident population,,,,,,,,, (thousands)a,"227,225","237,924","248,791","262,803","265,229","267,784","270,248","272,691","276,059" ,,,,,,,,, Age (thousands)a,,,,,,,,, Under 18,"63,754","62,623","63,949","68,555","69,109","69,603","69,903","70,199","70,484" 18-24 years,"30,022","28,902","26,961","25,112","24,843","24,980","25,476","26,011","26,748" 25-34,"37,082","41,696","43,174","40,730","40,246","39,559","38,743","37,936","37,189" 35-44,"25,634","31,691","37,444","42,555","43,365","44,014","44,498","44,813","44,813" 45-54,"22,800","22,460","25,062","31,100","32,358","33,625","34,575","35,804","37,685" 55-64,"21,703","22,135","21,116","21,132","21,353","21,813","22,666","23,389","24,209" 65 and over,"25,550","28,415","31,083","33,619","33,957","34,185","34,385","34,540","39,301" ,,,,,,,,, Sex (thousands) b,,,,,,,,, Male,"110,053","116,160","121,284","128,294","129,504","130,783","132,030","133,277","134,979" Female,"116,493","122,576","127,507","134,510","135,724","137,001","138,212","139,414","141,080" Metropolitan areas (population in millions),,,,,,,,, Large (over 1 million),119,U,139,U,149,U,U,U,U " Medium (250,000-999,999)",41,U,41,U,44,U,U,U,U " Small (less than 250,000)",17,U,18,U,19,U,U,U,U Rural v. urban (thousands),,,,,,,,, Rural,"59,495",U,"61,656",U,U,U,U,U,U Urban,"167,051",U,"187,053",U,U,U,U,U,U ,,,,,,,,, Metropolitan areas (population in millions),,,,,,,,, Large (over 1 million),119,U,139,147,149,151,153,156,U " Medium (250,000-999,999)",41,U,41,44,44,43,43,43,U " Small (less than 250,000)",17,U,18,19,19,20,20,20,U ,,,,,,,,, Rural v. urban areas (population in thousands),,,,,,,,, Rural ,"59,495",U,"61,656",U,U,U,U,U,U Urban,"167,051",U,"187,053",U,U,U,U,U,U ,,,,,,,,, Regions (population in millions) c,,,,,,,,, Northeast,49.1,49.9,50.8,51.4,51.6,51.6,51.7,51.8,U South,75.4,81.4,85.5,91.8,93.1,94.2,95.3,96.5,U Midwest,58.9,58.8,59.7,61.8,62.1,62.5,63.0,63.2,U West,43.2,47.8,52.8,57.7,58.5,59.4,60.3,61.2,U ,,,,,,,,, Immigrants admitted,"530,639","570,009","1,536,483","720,461","915,900","798,378","660,447",U,U ,,,,,,,,, Total area (square miles),"3,618,770",U,"3,717,796",U,U,U,U,U,U ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,1980,1985,1990,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Gross Domestic Product (GDP),,,,,,,,, (chained $ 1996 billions) d ,"4,901","5,717","6,708","7,544","7,813","8,160","8,516","8,876","9,319" ,,,,,,,,, Total civilian labor force (thousands)e,"106,940","115,461","125,840","132,304","133,943","136,297","137,673","139,368","141,489" Participation rate of men,77.4%,76.3%,76.4%,75.0%,74.9%,75.0%,74.9%,74.7%,74.6% Participation rate of women,51.5%,54.5%,57.5%,58.9%,59.3%,59.8%,59.8%,60.0%,60.2% ,,,,,,,,, Unemployment rate,7.1%,7.2%,5.6%,5.6%,5.4%,4.9%,4.5%,4.2%,4.0% Men,6.9%,7.0%,5.7%,5.6%,5.4%,4.9%,4.4%,4.1%,4.0% Women,7.4%,7.4%,5.5%,5.6%,5.4%,5.0%,4.6%,4.3%,4.0% ,,,,,,,,, Number of households (thousands),"80,776","86,789","93,347","98,990","99,627","101,018","102,528","103,874",U ,,,,,,,,, Average size of households,2.76,2.69,2.63,2.65,2.65,2.64,2.62,U,U ,,,,,,,,, Median household income ,,,,,,,,, (chained $ 1996),"33,722","34,439","35,945","35,082","35,492","36,175","37,430",U,U ,,,,,,,,, Families below poverty level (thousands),"6,217","7,223","7,098","7,532","7,708","7,324","7,186",U,U ,,,,,,,,, Average household expenditures ,,,,,,,,, (chained $ 1996),U,"34,253","34,070","33,217","33,797","34,038","34,205",U,U ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, KEY: U = Unavailable,,,,"2000 Data: Population: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, available",,,,, "a Estimates as of July 1 except 1980 and 1990, which are as of April 1, and 2000, ",,,,at: http://www.census.gov.,,,,, which is as of November 1.,,,,"Immigration: U.S. Department of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Services, ",,,,, b 1995 through 2000 data are estimates.,,,,"Annual Report: Legal Immigration FY 1998, available at: ",,,,, c As of July 1 for all years except 1980 and 1990.,,,,http://www.ins.usdoj.gov/graphics/aboutins/statistics/index.htm.,,,,, "d Chained 1996 dollars are calculated using chain-type indices, rather than constant dollars, to measure real GDP. The chain-type method first calculates the real changes between adjacent years. Annual rates of real changes are then chained (multiplied) together to obtain the rate of real changes between nonadjacent years. Chained dollars are preferable to constant dollars, which merely reflect overall price inflation, because chained dollars capture the effect of changes in the components of GDP. ",,,,"GDP, Average household expenditure, Median household income: ",,,,, "e For 2000, as of December.",,,,"U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis.",,,,, ,,,,"Employment (1980-2000): U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, ",,,,, SOURCES: 1980-1998 data: Multiple sources as cited in U.S. Department of ,,,,available at: http://www.bls.gov/cps/home.htm.,,,,, "Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics",,,,"Average Size of Households, Families below poverty level: U.S. Department of ",,,,, "1999, Table A, p. xix.",,,,"Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1999.",,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,