TABLE 10-8a  Net Federal Subsidies to Passenger Transportation by Mode: Fiscal Years 1992-2002,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Millions of chained 2000 dollars
",,,,,,,,,,,,
,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,
Highway,"-5,204","-5,248","-7,592","-9,391","-9,645","-8,441","-11,693","-10,410","-8,909","-5,297","-4,238",
"   Autos, pickups, and vans","-5,340","-5,390","-7,740","-9,530","-9,784","-8,584","-11,822","-10,558","-9,086","-5,494","-4,452",
   School buses,83,85,92,89,89,91,87,96,109,116,125,
   Transit buses,56,58,62,60,60,61,59,65,74,78,84,
   Intercity buses,-2,-2,-6,-10,-11,-8,-16,-12,-7,2,5,
Air,"4,253","4,338","4,143","3,893","6,192","4,463","1,120","-1,083",-446,"2,898","4,026",
   Commercial aviation,"3,091","3,065","2,993","2,774","4,944","3,373",-19,"-2,073","-1,433","1,472","2,831",
   General aviation,"1,162","1,274","1,150","1,119","1,248","1,090","1,139",991,987,"1,427","1,194",
Transit,"4,570","4,200","4,364","5,007","4,796","4,918","4,564","4,402","5,334","6,917","7,314",
Railroad,"1,031",872,858,"1,049",994,"1,099","2,160","1,434",629,591,"1,093",
"Total, all modes","4,651","4,162","1,773",558,"2,338","2,039","-3,849","-5,657","-3,392","5,108","8,195",
"
NOTES: Data may not add to total because of independent rounding.  To eliminate the effects of inflation over time, the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) converted current dollars (see table 10-8b) to chained 2000 dollars.

Net federal subsidy is estimated as federal outlays minus federal receipts from transportation taxes and user fees. Actual outlays and receipts are used in the calculation. Negative numbers show user charge payments to the federal government in excess of cost responsibility.  The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 allowed motor fuel distributors to delay until Oct. 5, 1998, the payment of fuel taxes that otherwise would be due in August and September of 1998.  This provision effectively shifted about $6 billion in Highway Trust Fund receipts from 1998 to 1999. BTS included these funds in fiscal year 1998, when they were actually paid by highway users.",,,,,,,,,,,,
"SOURCE:  U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, ""Federal Subsidies to Passenger Transportation,"" December 2004, available at http://www.bts.gov, as of February 2005.",,,,,,,,,,,,