Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for Metropolitan Area of Origin: 2007

Estimates are based on data from the 2007 Commodity Flow Survey. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive.

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All Modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	65,134	100	31,099	100	7,399	100	474	6.5	-	10.9	-	8.6	-	9.5
Less than 50 lbs	8,976	13.8	201	0.6	92	1.2	538	11.5	2.0	12.1	0.1	18.8	0.3	10.0
50 - 99 lbs	2,339	3.6	100	0.3	35	0.5	352	8.9	0.4	8.5	-	13.1	0.1	12.9
100 - 499 lbs	6,222	9.6	639	2.1	202	2.7	328	6.1	0.5	11.4	0.2	10.1	0.3	8.3
500 - 749 lbs	2,653	4.1	349	1.1	95	1.3	273	17.6	0.5	11.3	0.1	9.4	0.1	12.2
750 - 999 lbs	1,719	2.6	337	1.1	76	1.0	226	17.5	0.4	15.5	0.1	11.9	0.1	10.0
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	18,416	28.3	4,812	15.5	1,449	19.6	279	10.9	1.8	11.0	1.6	12.3	1.8	10.1
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	21,384	32.8	15,348	49.4	4,039	54.6	265	8.7	1.6	11.0	3.2	9.6	3.8	13.3
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	2,917	4.5	6,460	20.8	556	7.5	S	25.6	1.0	23.5	3.4	11.9	0.6	S
More than 100,000 lbs	509	0.8	2,855	9.2	855	11.6	319	20.1	0.2	31.0	2.3	26.6	2.6	15.1

Single modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	55,885	100	30,399	100	6,732	100	172	7.5	-	11.2	-	9.4	-	13.1
Less than 50 lbs	3,466	6.2	67	0.2	6	0.1	98	20.2	1.6	21.6	-	8.3	-	42.8
50 - 99 lbs	1,366	2.4	58	0.2	7	0.1	121	14.1	0.4	16.2	-	8.8	-	16.5
100 - 499 lbs	4,891	8.8	548	1.8	136	2.0	235	8.5	0.5	12.4	0.2	6.0	0.2	12.4
500 - 749 lbs	2,514	4.5	333	1.1	83	1.2	250	18.7	0.6	11.4	0.1	8.6	0.2	13.1
750 - 999 lbs	1,706	3.1	334	1.1	73	1.1	218	17.8	0.4	15.6	0.1	13.2	0.2	11.1
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	18,018	32.2	4,762	15.7	1,388	20.6	272	11.2	1.9	11.1	1.7	12.6	1.7	10.6
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	20,522	36.7	15,070	49.6	3,678	54.6	250	9.5	2.2	11.3	3.3	10.5	3.9	13.1
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	2,905	5.2	6,448	21.2	540	8.0	S	25.6	1.2	23.6	3.5	12.7	0.6	S
More than 100,000 lbs	496	0.9	2,779	9.1	821	12.2	316	20.3	0.2	32.2	2.4	27.7	3.0	14.9

Truck⁴

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	54,081	100	29,048	100	6,138	100	157	7.9	-	11.0	-	8.8	-	11.6
Less than 50 lbs	2,265	4.2	66	0.2	5	0.1	62	16.6	1.0	21.9	-	10.1	-	25.1
50 - 99 lbs	1,216	2.2	58	0.2	7	0.1	116	13.9	0.4	16.3	-	9.3	-	16.0
100 - 499 lbs	4,831	8.9	547	1.9	135	2.2	233	8.7	0.5	12.5	0.2	6.3	0.2	11.9
500 - 749 lbs	2,514	4.6	333	1.1	83	1.4	250	18.7	0.6	11.5	0.1	8.6	0.2	13.0
750 - 999 lbs	1,700	3.1	333	1.1	72	1.2	216	17.8	0.4	15.7	0.1	13.2	0.2	10.9
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	17,917	33.1	4,757	16.4	1,384	22.5	271	11.4	1.8	11.1	1.9	12.7	2.0	10.5
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	20,474	37.9	15,056	51.8	3,658	59.6	249	9.4	2.2	11.3	3.1	10.6	3.1	13.2
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	2,886	5.3	6,374	21.9	521	8.5	S	25.7	1.2	23.6	3.6	12.9	0.7	S
More than 100,000 lbs	278	0.5	1,525	5.3	274	4.5	222	16.6	0.1	40.1	1.6	19.2	0.9	33.2

For-hire truck

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	30,012	100	11,026	100	4,855	100	484	6.7	-	14.4	-	9.1	-	12.6
Less than 50 lbs	S	S	S	S	2	-	S	S	S	S	S	13.4	-	S
50 - 99 lbs	409	1.4	14	0.1	4	0.1	329	17.6	0.2	39.7	-	12.2	-	35.1
100 - 499 lbs	2,382	7.9	162	1.5	106	2.2	625	7.1	0.5	10.2	0.2	6.1	0.3	8.7
500 - 749 lbs	1,449	4.8	98	0.9	64	1.3	649	20.6	0.9	12.2	0.2	11.1	0.2	8.1
750 - 999 lbs	873	2.9	91	0.8	53	1.1	579	15.5	0.5	17.7	0.3	16.4	0.2	11.7
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	10,372	34.6	1,677	15.2	1,128	23.2	674	9.8	2.1	9.3	2.0	13.6	2.2	6.9
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	12,921	43.1	6,558	59.5	3,006	61.9	507	10.8	2.9	15.3	1.8	11.9	3.6	7.2
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	699	2.3	1,994	18.1	286	5.9	S	22.1	0.5	28.1	3.1	13.8	0.8	S
More than 100,000 lbs	207	0.7	421	3.8	206	4.2	558	19.3	0.1	29.7	1.4	23.0	1.1	12.1

Private truck

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	24,069	100	18,022	100	1,283	100	60	10.2	-	13.8	-	9.1	-	13.1
Less than 50 lbs	1,564	6.5	54	0.3	3	0.2	44	18.1	1.2	23.7	0.1	18.5	-	14.4
50 - 99 lbs	808	3.4	44	0.2	2	0.2	55	18.8	0.9	16.7	0.1	14.0	-	14.4
100 - 499 lbs	2,449	10.2	384	2.1	29	2.3	73	11.9	0.8	15.6	0.4	16.9	0.4	11.3
500 - 749 lbs	1,065	4.4	235	1.3	20	1.5	83	19.8	0.5	16.8	0.2	20.8	0.2	12.1
750 - 999 lbs	827	3.4	242	1.3	19	1.5	80	29.2	0.6	18.7	0.3	22.7	0.2	18.2
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	7,545	31.3	3,080	17.1	255	19.9	84	17.2	2.8	14.4	3.2	15.5	2.5	20.9
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	7,553	31.4	8,498	47.2	651	50.8	73	10.5	3.2	18.3	4.7	8.7	4.3	18.3
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	2,187	9.1	4,380	24.3	235	18.3	56	28.4	2.3	27.0	4.6	20.2	2.9	29.7
More than 100,000 lbs	71	0.3	1,105	6.1	69	5.3	S	32.4	0.2	46.0	2.0	43.0	2.4	S

Rail

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	290	100	1,343	100	587	100	458	24.9	-	32.4	-	31.9	-	19.5
Less than 50 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
50 - 99 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
100 - 499 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
500 - 749 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
750 - 999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	2	0.8	-	-	S	S	2,097	26.8	1.9	27.9	0.1	S	S	38.2
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	1,448	S	S	S	S	S	S	24.3
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	19	6.6	75	5.6	19	3.2	S	40.4	2.6	45.0	2.0	29.6	4.4	S
More than 100,000 lbs	218	75.3	1,253	93.3	547	93.2	428	24.1	11.2	28.0	2.3	29.4	5.1	9.7

Air (incl truck and air)

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	1,514	100	9	100	8	100	1,016	34.8	-	30.3	-	31.1	-	6.8
Less than 50 lbs	1,201	79.3	1	10.6	1	12.2	1,016	39.8	15.3	26.9	6.3	25.5	8.7	11.9
50 - 99 lbs	149	9.9	-	3.7	-	4.7	1,112	42.4	3.8	24.2	2.8	28.0	2.6	14.9
100 - 499 lbs	60	4.0	2	18.6	1	19.4	974	23.0	11.6	27.3	10.5	44.1	9.9	15.9
500 - 749 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	1,567	S	S	S	S	S	S	49.5
750 - 999 lbs	4	0.3	-	3.9	S	S	1,872	34.2	12.4	33.3	16.5	S	S	24.4
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	99	6.5	5	62.5	4	54.0	758	46.9	13.4	32.4	8.4	33.7	6.8	19.3
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Multiple modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	8,561	100	532	100	602	100	705	12.7	-	12.7	-	15.5	-	9.3
Less than 50 lbs	5,385	62.9	129	24.3	87	14.4	700	16.0	3.1	16.1	5.1	20.1	3.5	9.7
50 - 99 lbs	942	11.0	39	7.4	27	4.6	701	13.1	1.1	14.2	0.9	16.9	0.9	8.1
100 - 499 lbs	1,285	15.0	81	15.2	65	10.8	826	12.3	1.8	22.5	2.5	23.7	2.4	8.6
500 - 749 lbs	125	1.5	12	2.3	12	2.0	948	26.6	0.4	24.6	0.6	42.4	0.7	23.1
750 - 999 lbs	6	0.1	1	0.2	S	S	3,195	46.7	0.1	28.7	0.1	S	S	36.3
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	115	1.3	12	2.3	S	S	2,687	42.5	0.4	27.4	1.0	S	S	30.7
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	210	39.4	324	53.7	1,490	S	S	30.0	8.5	24.1	9.1	29.8
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	4	-	S	S	S	S	2,638	38.9	0.1	S	S	S	S	1.2
More than 100,000 lbs	12	0.1	43	8.1	32	5.3	753	8.7	0.1	14.4	7.7	12.5	6.7	8.5

Parcel, U.S.P.S. or courier

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	7,731	100	260	100	185	100	703	13.7	-	12.7	-	15.0	-	9.3
Less than 50 lbs	5,385	69.7	129	49.7	87	46.8	700	16.0	2.8	16.1	5.5	20.1	5.7	9.7
50 - 99 lbs	942	12.2	39	15.1	27	14.8	701	13.1	1.1	14.2	1.4	16.9	1.5	8.1
100 - 499 lbs	1,279	16.5	80	30.8	63	34.2	813	12.3	1.7	22.2	3.9	23.6	4.5	8.9
500 - 749 lbs	123	1.6	11	4.3	8	4.1	697	27.1	0.4	26.5	0.9	40.3	1.0	20.6
750 - 999 lbs	2	-	-	0.2	-	0.2	918	22.9	-	20.9	0.2	28.0	0.3	40.6
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Truck and rail

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	S	S	261	100	381	100	1,831	S	S	23.2	-	23.2	-	13.4
Less than 50 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
50 - 99 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
100 - 499 lbs	5	0.7	S	S	1	0.4	2,076	32.0	1.9	S	S	43.0	0.4	11.8
500 - 749 lbs	2	0.2	1	0.3	1	0.4	S	14.9	5.0	15.7	1.4	49.9	1.7	S
750 - 999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	113	15.0	11	4.4	S	S	2,662	43.3	9.2	28.4	4.8	S	S	31.4
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	200	76.7	296	77.5	1,360	S	S	30.1	11.3	26.2	10.0	17.2
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	4	0.5	S	S	S	S	2,638	38.9	5.2	S	S	S	S	1.2
More than 100,000 lbs	12	1.6	S	S	S	S	753	8.7	19.6	S	S	S	S	8.5

Truck and water

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	S	S	S	S	S	S	7,515	S	S	S	S	S	S	13.6
Less than 50 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50 - 99 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
100 - 499 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	8,086	S	S	S	S	S	S	15.3
500 - 749 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
750 - 999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Other multiple modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	53	100	4	100	11	100	3,050	25.7	-	19.4	-	20.7	-	1.4
Less than 50 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50 - 99 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
100 - 499 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
500 - 749 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
750 - 999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	53	100.0	4	100.0	11	100.0	3,050	25.7	-	19.4	-	20.7	-	1.4
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Other and unknown modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	688	100	167	100	64	100	S	20.8	-	26.6	-	32.1	-	S
Less than 50 lbs	125	18.2	4	2.5	S	S	S	33.4	3.4	37.8	0.9	S	S	S
50 - 99 lbs	31	4.5	3	1.5	-	0.1	S	21.4	1.7	35.5	1.0	30.7	0.6	S
100 - 499 lbs	47	6.8	9	5.7	-	0.6	S	37.8	2.3	42.2	2.6	49.8	1.4	S
500 - 749 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	44	S	S	S	S	S	S	44.1
750 - 999 lbs	7	1.0	2	1.3	-	0.1	44	32.7	0.6	36.0	0.8	49.5	0.1	50.0
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	283	41.1	37	22.2	21	31.9	569	27.2	8.6	19.6	10.7	30.3	13.0	19.0
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	173	25.2	68	40.7	38	58.4	579	44.3	7.5	43.8	9.6	43.9	10.2	42.4
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	576	S	S	S	S	S	S	34.0
More than 100,000 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S

KEY: S = Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or poor response quality. - = Zero or Less than half the unit shown; thus, it has been rounded to zero.

¹ Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) geographic areas were drawn from a subset of Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MeSAs) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). However, CFS metropolitan areas are divided into their state parts when they include more than one state. In addition, the CFS also utilizes a unique geography referred to as, "remainder of state," to represent those areas of a state not contained within a separately published metropolitan area for the CFS (as opposed to not part of any Core-Based Statistical Area (CBSA) as defined by OMB). Because of the differences in the CFS geography, as compared to OMB defined geography, caution should be exercised when comparing CFS estimates to other estimates of similar geography.
² Ton-miles estimates are based on estimated distances traveled along a modeled transportation network.
³ Coefficient of Variation.
⁴ ""Truck"" as a single mode includes any shipment that was made by private truck only, by for-hire truck only, or by a combination of private and for-hire truck.
⁵ Estimates for pipeline exclude shipments of crude petroleum.

NOTES: Value-of-shipment estimates are reported in current prices. Estimated measures of sampling variability for each estimate known as coefficients of variation (CV) are also provided in these tables. More information on sampling error, confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at http://www.bts.gov/publications/commodity_flow_survey/
Rows are not shown if all cells for that particular mode have no data. For example, since Denver-Aurora-Boulder by "Water" has no data for any shipment weight group, the entire mode of "Water" for that area was removed from this table. However, if a mode has at least one row of data for one of the shipment weight groups, then the entire mode is shown even though there may be rows absent of data within that mode. For example, Denver-Aurora-Boulder by "Other and unknown modes" has a row absent of data for the shipment size of "More than 100,000 lbs" but does have data for the other shipment weight groups under that mode so it will be shown in its entirety.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 Economic Census: Transportation Commodity Flow Survey, December 2009.