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U.S. Department of Transportation U.S. Department of Transportation Icon United States Department of Transportation United States Department of Transportation

Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Weight for State of Origin: 2007

Tuesday, July 3, 2012

Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Weight for State of Origin: 2007

Estimates are based on the 2007 Commodity Flow Survey. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive.

Excel | CSV

All modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 155,619 100 144,297 100 30,835 100 552 4.7 - 8.2 - 7.2 - 12
Less than 50 lbs 11,860 7.6 328 0.2 185 0.6 665 11.5 0.7 10.7 - 19.1 0.1 12.4
50 - 99 lbs 3,110 2 163 0.1 58 0.2 357 15.8 0.2 8.6 - 13 - 8.2
100 - 499 lbs 10,875 7 1,168 0.8 328 1.1 295 7.7 0.4 8.1 0.1 9.1 0.1 10.5
500 - 749 lbs 3,713 2.4 650 0.5 162 0.5 250 8.6 0.2 8.9 0.1 9.1 0.1 9.2
750 - 999 lbs 2,322 1.5 508 0.4 122 0.4 240 9.1 0.2 7.9 - 6.9 - 7.1
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 34,423 22.1 8,737 6.1 2,394 7.8 262 6.4 1.7 5.2 0.6 6.2 0.7 5
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 73,476 47.2 86,955 60.3 17,482 56.7 219 8.3 2 7.2 2.4 5.6 2.3 7.6
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 6,508 4.2 29,137 20.2 3,220 10.4 108 11.2 0.4 23.3 2.8 20.9 1.9 11.7
More than 100,000 lbs 9,331 6 16,650 11.5 6,883 22.3 525 32.8 1.9 22 2.1 23.9 3.2 10.1

Single modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 136,910 100 138,090 100 26,477 100 409 4.7 - 8.6 - 4.9 - 15.5
Less than 50 lbs 3,623 2.6 112 0.1 41 0.2 621 19.1 0.5 10.6 - 24.5 - 18.8
50 - 99 lbs 1,284 0.9 103 0.1 21 0.1 200 12.8 0.1 8.4 - 21.1 - 15.1
100 - 499 lbs 8,724 6.4 1,038 0.8 252 1 242 7.8 0.4 9.2 0.1 10 0.1 11.7
500 - 749 lbs 3,476 2.5 621 0.4 146 0.6 237 9.4 0.2 9.8 0.1 11.2 0.1 9.9
750 - 999 lbs 2,218 1.6 494 0.4 112 0.4 227 9.2 0.2 8.3 - 7.5 - 6.1
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 33,557 24.5 8,524 6.2 2,317 8.8 258 6.5 1.8 5.3 0.6 6.5 0.6 5.4
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 71,701 52.4 85,104 61.6 16,551 62.5 212 8.5 2.2 7.4 2.4 5.6 1.7 7.8
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 6,243 4.6 28,913 20.9 3,109 11.7 106 10.7 0.4 23.4 2.9 22 2 12.5
More than 100,000 lbs 6,084 4.4 13,180 9.5 3,926 14.8 408 26.9 1.2 25.1 1.8 4.3 1.1 11.7

Truck3

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 129,869 100 127,930 100 22,291 100 394 5.2 - 8.9 - 6.3 - 16.5
Less than 50 lbs 3,101 2.4 107 0.1 36 0.2 606 20.6 0.5 11.6 - 28.5 0.1 20.3
50 - 99 lbs 1,196 0.9 101 0.1 20 0.1 188 13.1 0.1 8.3 - 22.4 - 16.5
100 - 499 lbs 8,477 6.5 1,034 0.8 245 1.1 235 7.5 0.4 9.3 0.1 10.1 0.1 11.5
500 - 749 lbs 3,414 2.6 618 0.5 141 0.6 229 9.4 0.2 9.7 0.1 11.3 0.1 10.6
750 - 999 lbs 2,162 1.7 492 0.4 109 0.5 220 8.8 0.2 8.3 0.1 7 - 5.9
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 33,236 25.6 8,498 6.6 2,278 10.2 254 6.5 1.9 5.3 0.7 6.3 0.7 5.3
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 71,044 54.7 84,354 65.9 15,949 71.5 207 8.5 2 7.5 2.6 5.5 2 7.7
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 6,173 4.8 28,756 22.5 3,031 13.6 104 11 0.5 23.6 2.9 22.8 2.1 12.6
More than 100,000 lbs 1,066 0.8 3,970 3.1 483 2.2 141 24.6 0.2 31.2 0.8 36.1 0.6 35

For-hire truck

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 88,493 100 58,482 100 15,127 100 911 7.1 - 8 - 5.4 - 15
Less than 50 lbs 659 0.7 19 - 20 0.1 1,668 22.4 0.1 21.4 - 27.8 - 16.8
50 - 99 lbs 435 0.5 18 - 14 0.1 760 27.1 0.1 26.4 - 27.3 - 7.3
100 - 499 lbs 4,839 5.5 261 0.4 188 1.2 731 11.9 0.5 12.4 0.1 14 0.2 3.1
500 - 749 lbs 1,984 2.2 149 0.3 102 0.7 687 12 0.2 14.6 0.1 16.6 0.1 10.1
750 - 999 lbs 1,134 1.3 112 0.2 69 0.5 618 8.3 0.2 11.9 - 8.2 - 9
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 21,249 24 3,042 5.2 1,640 10.8 557 9.9 2.1 6.1 0.5 6.9 0.6 6.2
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 53,599 60.6 42,396 72.5 11,730 77.5 314 10.6 2.5 11.1 2.2 6.1 1.3 9.5
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 3,731 4.2 11,436 19.6 1,137 7.5 95 13.3 0.7 10 1.9 13.3 1.1 12.2
More than 100,000 lbs 864 1 1,049 1.8 227 1.5 219 32.6 0.5 29.3 0.7 37.3 0.7 43.6

Private truck

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 41,376 100 69,448 100 7,163 100 217 6.6 - 15.9 - 17.1 - 23.8
Less than 50 lbs 2,442 5.9 88 0.1 16 0.2 355 23 1.5 12.7 - 37.8 0.2 24.4
50 - 99 lbs 761 1.8 83 0.1 5 0.1 65 11.7 0.2 8.3 - 11.9 - 13.8
100 - 499 lbs 3,638 8.8 773 1.1 57 0.8 70 9.2 0.7 12.7 0.3 16.9 0.3 8.4
500 - 749 lbs 1,431 3.5 469 0.7 39 0.5 84 11.9 0.4 13.8 0.2 17.9 0.2 6.3
750 - 999 lbs 1,029 2.5 380 0.5 39 0.6 104 13.1 0.3 10.5 0.1 20.2 0.2 12.7
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 11,987 29 5,455 7.9 638 8.9 111 11.1 2.9 7.5 1.5 10.6 2.3 8.2
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 17,444 42.2 41,958 60.4 4,219 58.9 106 14.1 3 12 3.2 13.3 4.1 13.1
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 2,442 5.9 17,320 24.9 1,894 26.4 111 15.4 1 38.1 4.5 40 5 14.1
More than 100,000 lbs 202 0.5 2,921 4.2 S S 104 33.9 0.3 42.6 1.5 S S 19.2

Rail

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 5,628 100 10,054 100 3,938 100 548 29.7 - 29.1 - 8.1 - 9.8
Less than 50 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
50 - 99 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100 - 499 lbs S S S S - - S S S S S 44.6 - S
500 - 749 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
750 - 999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1,000 - 9,999 lbs S S 6 0.1 4 0.1 591 S S 47.2 0.1 47.9 0.1 39.5
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 515 9.1 S S 412 10.5 602 25.7 3.1 S S 47 3.5 17.3
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 57 1 121 1.2 78 2 643 37.6 0.7 28.4 0.5 31.9 0.5 14.3
More than 100,000 lbs 5,019 89.2 9,210 91.6 3,444 87.4 520 32 3.2 32.3 4.7 6 3.6 11.5

Water

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Less than 50 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
50 - 99 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100 - 499 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
500 - 749 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
750 - 999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1,000 - 9,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
10,000 - 49,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
50,000 - 99,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
More than 100,000 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Deep draft

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Less than 50 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
50 - 99 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100 - 499 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
500 - 749 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
750 - 999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1,000 - 9,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
10,000 - 49,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
50,000 - 99,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
More than 100,000 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Air (incl truck and air)

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 1,318 100 43 100 69 100 917 14.6 - 19.1 - 26.4 - 10.9
Less than 50 lbs 522 39.6 6 12.7 5 7.3 873 28.7 6.2 39.8 4.3 31.1 4.1 7.7
50 - 99 lbs 87 6.6 S S 2 2.3 1,096 37.8 2.2 S S 29.3 0.8 35.8
100 - 499 lbs 243 18.4 5 10.8 7 10.4 1,325 27 3.3 25.3 4.8 39.4 8.1 13
500 - 749 lbs S S 2 5.7 5 7.6 2,122 S S 37 3.4 44.2 3.7 16.4
750 - 999 lbs S S 2 5.1 4 5.6 1,738 S S 34.3 2.3 47.5 2 18.2
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 287 21.8 21 47.6 35 51.6 1,705 27.9 7.6 31 7.7 32.4 8.9 15.3
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 61 4.6 6 14.7 S S 1,656 33 3.2 41.1 6.3 S S 26.2
50,000 - 99,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
More than 100,000 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Pipeline4

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 14 100 38 100 S S S 47.3 - 46.6 - S S S
Less than 50 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
50 - 99 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100 - 499 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
500 - 749 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
750 - 999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1,000 - 9,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
10,000 - 49,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 13 95.1 37 95.5 S S S 23.4 3.5 20.3 3.2 S S S
More than 100,000 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Multiple modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 16,217 100 S S 4,104 100 833 13.3 - S S 49.2 - 9.8
Less than 50 lbs 7,539 46.5 178 3.6 143 3.5 839 12.4 5.1 12.8 1.8 23.1 2.2 10.2
50 - 99 lbs 1,707 10.5 49 1 37 0.9 748 22.1 1.6 11.1 0.7 12 0.6 5.3
100 - 499 lbs 1,907 11.8 100 2 72 1.8 715 17.6 1.9 11.1 1.3 16.2 0.9 9.7
500 - 749 lbs 176 1.1 20 0.4 13 0.3 663 30.9 0.3 25.9 0.3 29.6 0.2 19.7
750 - 999 lbs 44 0.3 5 0.1 6 0.1 1,068 37.2 0.1 23.4 - 36.1 0.1 23.7
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 135 0.8 11 0.2 19 0.5 1,627 41.1 0.6 25.8 0.2 29.7 0.7 38.9
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 1,285 7.9 S S 778 19 869 36.7 1.8 S S 39 4.2 29.1
50,000 - 99,999 lbs 245 1.5 S S S S S 48.5 0.6 S S S S S
More than 100,000 lbs 3,180 19.6 S S S S 888 46.8 6 S S S S 8.7

Parcel, U.S.P.S. or courier

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 11,364 100 351 100 268 100 832 12.9 - 9 - 14.8 - 9.9
Less than 50 lbs 7,539 66.3 178 50.6 143 53.4 839 12.4 2.8 12.8 2.5 23.1 4.2 10.2
50 - 99 lbs 1,707 15 49 13.8 37 13.7 748 22.1 1.5 11.1 1.6 12 2.5 5.3
100 - 499 lbs 1,903 16.8 100 28.6 72 26.7 714 17.6 1.7 11.2 2.3 16.4 3.1 9.8
500 - 749 lbs 174 1.5 20 5.7 13 4.7 644 31.3 0.3 26.5 1.1 32 1.2 22.1
750 - 999 lbs 35 0.3 5 1.3 S S 886 31.1 0.1 27.3 0.4 S S 30.8
1,000 - 9,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
10,000 - 49,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
50,000 - 99,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
More than 100,000 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Truck and rail

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 4,464 100 S S S S 873 44 - S S S S 15.7
Less than 50 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
50 - 99 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100 - 499 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
500 - 749 lbs S S S S S S 2,656 S S S S S S 19.7
750 - 999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 23 0.5 2 0.1 S S 1,104 48.1 0.9 33.3 0.2 S S 18.3
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 1,059 23.7 S S 721 19.3 838 45.8 7.1 S S 43.2 5.5 41.3
50,000 - 99,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
More than 100,000 lbs 3,147 70.5 S S S S 890 47 7.1 S S S S 8.8

Truck and water

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 379 100 79 100 94 100 1,559 36.4 - 36.8 - 36.1 - 26.8
Less than 50 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
50 - 99 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
100 - 499 lbs S S - 0.2 - 0.4 S S S 40 0.3 20.4 0.5 S
500 - 749 lbs - - S S - 0.1 922 5.6 - S S 47.5 0.2 42.3
750 - 999 lbs S S S S 1 0.9 S S S S S 2.5 5.1 S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs S S 8 10.3 16 17.5 S S S 28 9.7 29.5 13.7 S
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 225 59.4 56 70.9 S S 1,138 48.9 13.6 49.5 13.5 S S 14.4
50,000 - 99,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
More than 100,000 lbs S S S S S S 1,306 S S S S S S 27.2

Rail and water

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Less than 50 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
50 - 99 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100 - 499 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
500 - 749 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
750 - 999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1,000 - 9,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
10,000 - 49,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
50,000 - 99,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
More than 100,000 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S

Other multiple modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Less than 50 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
50 - 99 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100 - 499 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
500 - 749 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
750 - 999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1,000 - 9,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
10,000 - 49,999 lbs S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
50,000 - 99,999 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
More than 100,000 lbs - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Other and unknown modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment Value Tons Ton-miles Average miles per shipment CV
2007
(million $)		 Percent 2007
(thousands)		 Percent 2007
(millions)		 Percent CV2 Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %		 CV Standard
Error of %
Total 2,491 100 1,283 100 255 100 S 17.4 - 41.9 - 17.5 - S
Less than 50 lbs S S 38 2.9 S S S S S 47.7 2.1 S S S
50 - 99 lbs 119 4.8 11 0.9 1 0.2 S 37.5 1.4 32.5 0.7 37.6 0.2 S
100 - 499 lbs 244 9.8 29 2.3 4 1.7 117 34.1 1.6 25.6 1.3 46.4 0.6 38.9
500 - 749 lbs 62 2.5 10 0.7 S S 268 33.4 1.3 27.1 0.3 S S 40.7
750 - 999 lbs 60 2.4 9 0.7 S S 447 34.7 1.5 22 0.4 S S 28.1
1,000 - 9,999 lbs 731 29.4 203 15.8 57 22.4 352 24.9 5.3 23.9 5.6 24.1 5.9 23.9
10,000 - 49,999 lbs 490 19.7 S S 153 59.9 195 19.4 5.7 S S 23.5 8.1 47.6
50,000 - 99,999 lbs S S S S S S 223 S S S S S S 27.5
More than 100,000 lbs 67 2.7 S S S S S 40.8 6.6 S S S S S

KEY: S = Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or poor response quality. - = Zero or Less than half the unit shown; thus, it has been rounded to zero.

1 Ton-miles estimates are based on estimated distances traveled along a modeled transportation network.
2 Coefficient of Variation.
3 "Truck" as a single mode includes shipments that were made by only private truck, only for-hire truck, or a combination of private truck and for-hire truck.
4 Estimates for pipeline exclude shipments of crude petroleum.

NOTES: Rows are not shown if all cells for that particular state by mode have no data. For example, since North Carolina by "Pipeline" has no data for any weight grouping, the entire mode of "Pipeline" for that state was removed from this table. However, if a state by mode has at least one row of data for one of the weight groupings, then the entire state by mode is shown even though there may be rows absent of data within that mode. For example, North Carolina by "Air" has a few rows absent of data but since the other rows within that mode do have data, that state by mode will be shown in its entirety for all the weight groupings. Value-of-shipments estimates have not been adjusted for price changes. Estimated measures of sampling variability for each estimate known as coefficients of variation (CV) are also provided in these tables. More information on sampling error, confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at http://www.bts.gov/publications/commodity_flow_survey/.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 Economic Census: Transportation Commodity Flow Survey, December 2009.