Table C-2 Downs Output
Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Table C-2 Downs Output
| Congestion reducing policies | Effectiveness | Cost | Implementation | Acceptability | SRSD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supply-side | -0.2 | 0.51 | -0.43 | 0.41 | 0.00 |
| Supply-side: Rapidly removing accidents | 0.88 | -0.52 | -1 | 1.74 | -1.55 |
| Supply-side: Building added HOV lanes | 0.08 | 1.14 | 0.40 | 0.41 | -1.41 |
| Supply-side: Coordinating signals and signs, one-way streets | -1.45 | -0.52 | -0.89 | 1.74 | -0.25 |
| Supply-side: Improving highway maintenance | 0.80 | 0.31 | -0.89 | 0.41 | -0.07 |
| Supply-side: Upgrading city streets | 0.08 | 0.31 | -1 | 0.41 | 0.42 |
| Supply-side: New or expanded off-road transit systems | -0.65 | 1.93 | 0.40 | -0.93 | 0.57 |
| Supply-side: Building new roads without HOV lanes | 0.08 | 1.14 | 0.30 | -0.93 | 1.11 |
| Supply-side: Improved transit service, amenities | -1.45 | 0.31 | -0.78 | 0.41 | 1.19 |
| Demand-side | 0.11 | -0.27 | 0.23 | -0.22 | 0.00 |
| Demand-side: Adopting local growth limits | -1.45 | -0.52 | -1 | 1.74 | -1.61 |
| Demand-side: Increasing gasoline taxes | 0.80 | 1.97 | -1 | -0.93 | -0.88 |
| Demand-side: Encouraging people to work at home | 0.01 | -2.01 | -0.89 | 1.74 | -0.84 |
| Demand-side: Encouraging formation of TMAs, ridesharing | -0.65 | -0.52 | 0.40 | 0.41 | -0.52 |
| Demand-side: Parking tax on peak-hour arrivals | 1.60 | -0.35 | 1.59 | -0.93 | -0.35 |
| Demand-side: Instituting peak-hour tolls on main roads | 1.60 | -0.35 | 1.48 | -0.93 | -0.28 |
| Demand-side: Concentrating jobs in areas of new growth | -1.45 | 1.14 | 1.59 | -0.93 | -0.25 |
| Demand-side: Improving the jobs-housing balance | 0.01 | 0.31 | 1.59 | -0.93 | -0.16 |
| Demand-side: Changing laws that discourage working at home | 0.01 | -0.52 | -0.89 | 0.41 | -0.09 |
| Demand-side: Clustering high-density housing near transit | -1.45 | -0.52 | 0.40 | 0.41 | -0.05 |
| Demand-side: Keeping densities above minimal levels | 0.80 | -0.52 | 1.59 | -0.93 | 0.31 |
| Demand-side: Eliminating incentives for free employee parking | 1.60 | -0.35 | 0.30 | -0.93 | 0.47 |
| Demand-side: Increasing automobile license fees | 0.01 | 0.70 | -1 | -0.93 | 1.04 |
| Demand-side: Staggered working hours | -0.72 | -2.01 | 0.30 | 0.41 | 1.29 |
| Demand-side: Tax deductable commuting allowances | 0.88 | -0.52 | -1 | -0.93 | 1.92 |
* significant at 0.01 level
** significant at 0.05 level
*** 1.00 < t < 2.00
d.f. = degrees of freedom
HOV = high-occupancy vechicle
NA = not applicable
SOV = single-occupancy vehicle
SRSD = studentized residual
TDM = travel demand management
TMA = transportation management association
TSM = transportation system management
U = data are unavailable
VHT = vehicle hours of travel
VMT = vehicle-miles traveled
* Significant at 95% confidence interval.