Table 1-51M: Crude Oil and Petroluem Products Transported in the United States by Mode
Table 1-51M: Crude Oil and Petroluem Products Transported in the United States by Mode
| 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude Oil | |||||||||
| Tonne-kilometers (billions) | |||||||||
| Pipelinesa | 420.5 | 529.4 | 488.2 | 488.8 | 490.4 | 493.9 | 492.6 | 487.8 | 468.8 |
| Water carriers | 59.3 | c565.6 | 655.8 | 425.1 | 361.6 | 295.5 | 215.1 | 172.1 | 146.0 |
| Motor carriersb | 2.0 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
| Railroads | 2.2 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| Total | 484.0 | 1099.4 | 1147.8 | 917.2 | 855.7 | 793.1 | 710.9 | 663.0 | 617.6 |
| % of total | |||||||||
| Pipelinesa | 86.9 | 48.2 | 42.5 | 53.3 | 57.3 | 62.3 | 69.3 | 73.6 | 75.9 |
| Water carriers | 12.2 | 51.4 | 57.2 | 46.4 | 42.3 | 37.3 | 30.3 | 26.0 | 23.6 |
| Motor carriersb | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Railroads | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Refined Petroleum Products | |||||||||
| Tonne-kilometers (billions) | |||||||||
| Pipelinesa | 319.7 | 329.4 | 335.6 | 364.0 | 387.2 | 410.1 | 407.5 | 417.1 | 433.0 |
| Water carriers | 375.8 | 336.4 | 206.1 | 230.4 | 223.7 | 225.0 | 216.5 | 214.8 | 215.3 |
| Motor carriersb | 38.3 | 35.5 | 39.3 | 41.2 | 35.9 | 40.9 | 38.0 | 39.0 | 40.3 |
| Railroads | 18.4 | 17.5 | 16.5 | 19.4 | 23.2 | 23.4 | 23.7 | 23.7 | 26.6 |
| Total | 752.2 | 718.7 | 597.6 | 654.9 | 670.0 | 699.3 | 685.6 | 694.5 | 715.2 |
| % of total | |||||||||
| Pipelinesa | 66.1 | 30.0 | 29.2 | 39.7 | 45.2 | 51.7 | 57.3 | 62.9 | 60.5 |
| Water carriers | 77.6 | 30.6 | 18.0 | 25.1 | 26.1 | 28.4 | 30.5 | 31.0 | 30.1 |
| Motor carriersb | 7.9 | 5.0 | 3.4 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 5.6 |
| Railroads | 3.8 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.7 |
| Combined Crude and Petroleum Products | |||||||||
| Tonne-kilometers (billions) | |||||||||
| Pipelinesa | 740.2 | 858.8 | 823.9 | 852.8 | 877.6 | 904.0 | 900.1 | 904.9 | 901.8 |
| Water carriers | 435.1 | c902.0 | 862.0 | 655.5 | 585.3 | 520.5 | 431.6 | 386.9 | 361.3 |
| Motor carriersb | 40.3 | 39.1 | 41.9 | 43.4 | 38.4 | 43.4 | 40.4 | 41.3 | 42.3 |
| Railroads | 20.6 | 18.2 | 17.7 | 20.4 | 24.2 | 24.5 | 24.4 | 24.4 | 27.3 |
| Total | 1,236.2 | 1,818.1 | 1,745.4 | 1,572.1 | 1,525.5 | 1,492.4 | 1,396.5 | 1,357.5 | 1,332.8 |
| % of total | |||||||||
| Pipelinesa | 59.9 | 47.2 | 47.2 | 54.2 | 57.5 | 60.6 | 64.5 | 66.7 | 67.7 |
| Water carriers | 35.2 | 49.6 | 49.4 | 41.7 | 38.4 | 34.9 | 30.9 | 28.5 | 27.1 |
| Motor carriersb | 3.3 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.2 |
| Railroads | 1.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.1 |
a The amount carried by pipeline is based on tonne-kilometers of crude and petroleum products transported through federally regulated pipelines (84%), plus estimated tonne-kilometers of crude and petroleum products transported through nonfederally regulated pipelines (16%).
b The amount carried by motor carriers is estimated.
c Reflects the entrance between 1975 and 1980 of the Alaska pipeline, moving crude petroluem for water transportation to U.S. refineries.
NOTE: Numbers may differ slightly from previous year's metric tables because a higher precision conversion factor was used.
SOURCES: 1975: Association of Oil Pipe Lines, Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 6.
1980-99: Ibid., Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC: Annual issues).