Table 4-29: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehiclesa,b (Grams per mile)

Wednesday, November 21, 2012

Engine type and pollutant	Prior to control^d	1968-1969	1970-1971	1972	1973-1974	1975-1976	1977-1979	1980	1981	1982-1986	1987-1993	Tier 1ⁱ 1994-2003^b		Interim Tier 2ⁱ2004-2006		Tier 2ⁱ 2007+
Gasoline
HC (total)	11	^g	2.2	3.4	3.4	1.5	1.5	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41	^(h)	^h	^h	^h	^h
NMHC	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.25	(0.31)	^h	^h	^h	^h
NMOG	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.125	(0.156)	0.100	(0.125)
CO	80	^g	23	39	39	15	15	7.0	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	(4.2)	3.4	(4.2)	3.4	(4.2)
Cold-temp. CO^c	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	10	^(h)	10	^(h)	10	^(h)
NO_x	4	^h	^h	^h	3.0	3.1	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.4	(0.6)	0.4	(0.6)	0.14	(0.20)
Particulates	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.08	(0.10)	0.08	(0.08)	0.02	(0.02)
Formaldehyde	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.015	(0.018)	0.015	(0.018)
Diesel
HC (total)	11	^h	^h	^h	^h	1.5	1.5	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41	^(h)	^h	^h	^h	^h
NMHC	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.25	(0.31)	^h	^h	^h	^h
NMOG	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	(0.156)	0.100	(0.125)
CO	80	^h	^h	^h	^h	15	15	7.0	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	(4.2)	^h	(4.2)	3.4	(4.2)
NO_x	4	^h	^h	^h	^h	3.1	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	(1.25)	^h	(0.6)	0.14	(0.20)
Particulates	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.60	0.20	0.08	(0.10)	^h	(0.10)	0.02	(0.02)
Formaldehyde	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	(0.018)	0.015	(0.018)
Test procedure		7-mode		CVS-72		CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75
Useful life, intermediate^b,d(full)		^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles
Useful life, intermediate^b,d(full)		5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	10 years/100,000 miles	10 years/100,000 miles	10 years/100,000 miles	10 years/100,000 miles	10 years/120,000 miles	10 years/120,000 miles

KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; CVS = constant volume sampler; HC = hydrocarbons; NMHC = non-methane hydrocarbons; NMOG = nonmethane organic gases; NOx = nitrogen oxides.

^aThe test procedure for measuring exhaust emissions has changed several times over the course of vehicle emissions regulations. The 7-mode procedure was used through model year 1971 and was replaced by the CVS-72 procedure beginning in model year 1972. The CVS-75 procedure became the test procedure as of model year 1975. While it may appear that the total HC and CO standards were relaxed in 1972-74, these standards were actually more stringent due to the more stringent nature of the CVS-72 test procedure. Additional standards for CO and composite standards for NMHC and NOx tested under the new Supplemental Federal Test Procedure will be phased-in beginning with model year 2000; these standards are not shown in this table.

^bAll emissions standards must be met for a useful life of 5 years/50,000 miles. Beginning with model year 1994, a second set of emissions standards must also be met for a full useful life of 10 years/100,000 miles; these standards are shown in parentheses. Tier 1 exhaust standards were phased-in during 1994-96 at a rate of 40%, 80%, and 100%, respectively.

^cThe cold CO emissions standard is measured at 20 ⁰F (rather than 75 ⁰F) and is applicable for a 5-year/50,000-mile useful life.

^d The "Prior to control" column reports emissions estimates of a typical newly manufactured car in the years before exhaust emissions certification standards were implemented.

^e No estimate available.

^fManufacturers can opt to certify vehicles for a full useful life of 15 years/150,000 miles and have either 1) intermediate useful life standards waived or 2) receive additional NOx credits.

^g In 1968-69, exhaust emissions standards were issued in parts per million rather than grams per mile and are, therefore, incompatible with this table.

^h No standard has been set.

^IThe term "tier" refers to a level of standards and is associated with specific years. Interim Tier 2 refers to an intermediate level of standards that move manufacturers toward compliance with Tier 2 standards. Interim Tier 2 and Tier 2 standards are established as "bins." Each bin is a set of standards for NOx, CO, NMOG, formaldehyde, and particulate matter; HC and NMHC standards are dropped for Tier 2 and Interim Tier 2. Manufacturers may certify any given vehicle family to any of the bins available for that vehicle class as long as the resulting sales-weight corporate average NOx standard is met for the full useful life of the vehicle. The Tier 2 corporate average NOx standard is 0.07 grams/mile. Interim corporate-based average NOx standards are based on vehicle type. The interim sales-weighted average for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) is 9.3 grams/mile. For LDVs, Tier 2 standards will be phased in at a rate of 25% in 2004, 50% in 2005, 75% in 2006, and 100% in 2007. During this period, all LDVs not meeting the Tier 2 standards must meet Interim Tier 2 standards.

SOURCES

40 CFR 86, Subpart A (July 1, 2000).

Federal Register, Vol. 65, No. 28, pp. 6851-6858.

USA Banner

Table 4-29: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehiclesa,b (Grams per mile)

Table 4-29: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehiclesa,b (Grams per mile)