Oil Pipeline Profile
Oil Pipeline Profile
FINANCIAL
1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Operating revenues, total ($ millions) | 895 | 1,396 | 7,548 | 8,506 | 8,676 | 9,077 | 8,637 | 8,632 | 8,579 | 9,067 | 8,958 | 9,066 | U | U | U | U | U | U | U |
FERC-regulated | 770 | 1,188 | 6,340 | 7,164 | 7,353 | 7,751 | 7,310 | 7,278 | 7,212 | 7,645 | 7,551 | 7,649 | 7,812 | 7,704 | 8,020 | 7,917 | 8,517 | 8,996 | 9,244 |
Nonregulated | 125 | 208 | 1,208 | 1,342 | 1,323 | 1,326 | 1,327 | 1,354 | 1,367 | 1,422 | 1,407 | 1,417 | U | U | U | U | U | U | U |
INVENTORY
1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of FERC-regulated companies | 87 | 101 | 130 | 150 | 158 | 161 | 160 | U | U | 184 | U | U | U | 195 | 195 | 197 | U | U | 195 |
Number of employees, pipeline companiesa | 23,100 | 17,600 | 21,300 | 18,500 | 17,100 | 15,100 | 14,500 | 14,200 | 13,800 | 13,060 | 13,230 | 13,680 | 12,360 | 12,500 | 12,840 | 13,040 | 12,770 | 13,080 | 14,220 |
Miles of pipeline (statute miles)b, all lines | 190,944 | 218,671 | 218,393 | 208,752 | 190,350 | 181,912 | 177,535 | 179,873 | 178,648 | 177,463 | 176,996 | 154,877 | 149,619 | 139,901 | 142,200 | 131,348 | 140,861 | 147,235 | 146,822 |
Crude lines | 141,085 | 146,275 | 129,831 | 118,805 | 103,277 | 97,029 | 92,610 | 91,523 | 87,663 | 86,369 | 85,480 | 52,386 | 52,854 | 50,149 | 50,749 | 46,234 | 47,617 | 46,658 | 50,214 |
Product lines | 49,859 | 72,396 | 88,562 | 89,947 | 87,073 | 84,883 | 84,925 | 88,350 | 90,985 | 91,094 | 91,516 | 85,214 | 80,551 | 75,565 | 76,258 | 71,310 | 81,103 | 85,666 | 84,914 |
PERFORMANCE
1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercity ton-miles, total (millions) | 229,000 | 431,000 | 588,200 | 584,100 | 591,400 | 601,100 | 619,200 | 616,500 | 619,800 | 617,700 | 577,300 | 576,100 | 586,200 | 590,200 | 599,600 | 607,500 | 581,300 | 557,700 | U |
Crude oil | N | N | 362,600 | 334,800 | 322,600 | 335,900 | 338,300 | 337,400 | 334,100 | 321,100 | 283,400 | 277,000 | 286,600 | 284,500 | 283,700 | 293,500 | 300,500 | 266,600 | U |
Petroleum products | N | N | 225,600 | 249,300 | 268,800 | 265,200 | 280,900 | 279,100 | 285,700 | 296,600 | 293,900 | 299,100 | 299,600 | 305,700 | 315,900 | 314,000 | 280,800 | 291,100 | U |
Tons transported (millions) | 468.0 | 790.2 | 921.0 | 1,057.4 | 1,063.6 | 1,074.3 | 1,114.1 | 1,108.0 | 1,116.3 | 1,125.2 | 1,146.8 | 1,123.4 | U | U | U | U | U | U | U |
Average length of haul (statute miles) | |||||||||||||||||||
Crude oil | 325 | 300 | 871 | 812 | 778 | 797 | 779 | 781 | 767 | 766 | U | U | U | U | U | U | U | U | U |
Petroleum products | 269 | 357 | 414 | 387 | 414 | 402 | 413 | 413 | 420 | 418 | U | U | U | U | U | U | U | U | U |
SAFETY
1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatalities | N | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 |
Injured personsc | N | 21 | 15 | 7 | 7 | 11 | 13 | 5 | 6 | 20 | 4 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 16 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 |
Incidents | N | 351 | 246 | 180 | 245 | 188 | 194 | 171 | 153 | 167 | 146 | 130 | (R) 150 | (R) 134 | (R) 146 | (R) 143 | (R) 120 | 120 | 145 |
KEY: FERC = Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are unavailable.
a Includes companies whose pipelines carry crude petroleum, petroleum products, and nonpetroleum pipeline liquids.
b Mileages of oil pipeline for years 1960-2000 include regulated and unregulated trunk and gathering crude lines, as well as refined oil trunk lines. Beginning in 2001, data include information for FERC-regulated oil pipeline companies only. For years 2001 and after, total miles of pipeline include both trunk and gathering lines, whereas the individual components, namely, crude and product lines, include the mileages of trunk lines only. Thus, details do not add to the total for this period.
c Injured persons does not include the 1,851 injuries that required medical treatment, caused by severe flooding near Houston, Texas, reported for October, 1994.
NOTE
The Interstate Commerce Committee regulated oil pipelines in the 1960s and 1970s.
The reporting criteria changed in 2002 adding small spills down to 5 gallons. The change was instituted on Feb. 7, 2002. For continuity with past trending, the data from post-2/7/2002 accidents used in the statistical summary includes only accidents meeting the reporting criteria: Accidents with gross loss greater than or equal to 50 barrels; those involving any fatality or injury; fire/explosion not intentionally set; Highly Volatile Liquid releases with gross loss of 5 or more barrels; or those involving total costs greater than or equal to $50,000.
SOURCES
Financial:
Operating revenues, total and nonregulated:
Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., Transportation In America 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), pp. 38 and 39, and similar tables in earlier editions.
Operating revenues, FERC-regulated:
1960-2001: Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., Transportation In America 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), pp. 38 and 39, and similar tables in earlier editions.
2002-2008: PennWell Corporation, Oil and Gas Journal: Transportation Special Report (Houston, TX), pp. 63 and similar table in earlier editions.
Inventory:
Number of FERC-regulated companies:
1960-96: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, personal communication.
1999: Ibid., available at www.ferc.fed.us/oil/oil_list.htm as of June 21, 2001.
2003: Ibid., available at www.ferc.fed.us/oil/oil_list.htm as of Aug. 26, 2004.
2004: Ibid., available at www.ferc.fed.us/oil/oil_list.htm as of Mar. 16, 2005.
2005: Ibid., available at www.ferc.fed.us/oil/oil_list.htm as of Oct. 27, 2006.
2008: Ibid., available at www.ferc.fed.us/oil/oil_list.htm as of Mar. 09, 2010.
Number of employees, pipeline companies:
1960-80: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment, Hours and Earnings, United States, 1909-94 (Washington, DC: September 1994), SIC 46.
1990-1994: Ibid., Hours and Earnings, United States, 1988-1996 (Washington, DC: July 1996), SIC 46.
1995-98: Ibid., available at www.bls.gov, SIC 46, as of Apr. 19, 1999.
1999-2001: Ibid., available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm, SIC 46, as of Feb. 22, 2010.
2002-08: Ibid, available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm, NAICS 486100 and NAICS 486900, as of Feb. 22, 2010.
Miles of pipeline (statute miles), all lines:
1960-2000: Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., Transportation In America 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), pp. 58 and 59, and similar tables in earlier editions.
2001-2008: PennWell Corporation, Oil and Gas Journal: Transportation Special Report (Houston, TX), pp. 76 and similar table in earlier editions.
Performance:
Intercity ton-miles, total and tons transported:
1960-70: Ibid., Transportation in America, 1998 (Washington, DC: 1998), p. 44 and Transportation in America, Supplement, 1999 (Washington, DC: 1999).
1980-98: Ibid., Transportation in America, 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), p. 53, and similar tables in earlier editions.
1999-2007: Association of Oil Pipe Lines, Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC), tables 1, 2 and 3, available at http://www.aopl.org/publications/ as of Feb. 19, 2010.
Average length of haul:
1960-70: Ibid., Transportation In America 1999 (Washington, DC: 1999), p. 71.
1980-99: Ibid.,Transportation In America 2000 (Washington, DC: 2000), p. 51.
Safety:
U.S. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Office of Pipeline Safety, Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Operators Accident Summary Statistics, available at http://ops.dot.gov/stats/lq_sum.htm as of July 15, 2010, and earlier tables for 1970 and 1980 data.