Table 4-16M: Transit Industry Electric Power and Primary Energy Consumption(a) and Travel
| 1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of vehicles (millions) | 65 | 62 | 61 | 62 | 75 | 94 | 93 | 97 | 103 | 108 | 116 | 116 | 94 | 98 | 100 | 103 | 106 | 111 | 112 | 115 | 117 | 122 | 126 | 126 | 129 | 136 | 136 | 137 | 130 | 137 | 133 |
| Vehicle-kilometers traveled (millions) | 3,449 | 3,232 | 3,031 | 3,502 | 3,680 | 4,491 | 5,217 | 5,321 | 5,399 | 5,528 | 5,580 | 5,713 | 4,427 | 4,592 | 4,780 | 5,007 | 5,154 | 5,341 | 5,525 | 5,594 | 5,710 | 5,799 | 5,907 | 6,066 | 6,268 | 6,418 | 7,081 | 6,971 | 6,995 | 7,103 | 7,128 |
| Electric power consumed (million kJ) | 10,468,800 | 9,302,400 | 9,219,600 | 9,525,600 | 8,805,600 | 15,177,600 | 17,413,200 | 17,470,800 | 16,977,600 | 17,514,000 | 18,291,600 | 18,244,800 | 17,722,058 | 17,667,813 | 17,861,615 | 18,452,544 | 19,373,883 | 19,744,647 | 19,905,427 | 19,828,874 | 20,366,065 | 20,754,283 | 20,772,743 | 22,375,898 | 22,812,850 | 23,372,818 | 23,088,878 | 23,522,355 | 23,422,536 | 23,942,278 | 24,022,757 |
| Primary energy consumed (thousand liters) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diesel | 787,744 | 940,296 | 1,024,332 | 1,381,903 | 1,633,027 | 2,304,324 | 2,464,417 | 2,517,897 | 2,592,795 | 2,568,444 | 2,567,365 | 2,567,592 | 2,025,035 | 2,040,977 | 2,121,525 | 2,179,979 | 2,235,701 | 2,255,796 | 2,547,732 | 2,098,201 | 2,051,686 | 1,818,723 | 1,999,591 | 1,949,313 | 1,890,434 | 2,325,884 | 2,208,583 | 2,170,588 | 2,110,668 | 2,052,848 | 1,912,887 |
| Gasoline and other nondiesel fuelsb | 726,421 | 470,148 | 258,165 | 28,678 | 43,154 | 173,008 | 128,348 | 130,472 | 140,738 | 172,887 | 227,136 | 229,888 | 95,494 | 97,382 | 83,684 | 79,862 | 89,492 | 98,453 | 133,983 | 101,033 | 116,870 | 305,558 | 177,562 | 194,192 | 257,102 | 536,272 | 555,715 | 577,706 | 594,599 | (R) 653,995 | 550,688 |
| Compressed natural gas | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 3,819 | 5,977 | 18,302 | 40,655 | 43,443 | 73,204 | 109,018 | 131,826 | 165,333 | 198,772 | 248,980 | 300,774 | 327,798 | 355,322 | 418,830 | 407,700 | 426,818 | 538,120 | 477,853 | 486,420 | 469,616 | 499,294 | 521,780 |
KEY: kWh = kilowatt hour; N = data do not exist; R = Revised.
a Prior to 1984, excludes commuter rail, automated guideway, urban ferryboat, demand responsive vehicles, and most rural and smaller systems.
b 1960 to 1991 data include propane. Series not continuous between 1991 and 1992. 1992 to 1995 data include propane, liquefied natural gas, bio/soy fuel, biodiesel, hydrogen, methanol and ethanol, except compressed natural gas. 1996 to 2001 data include only propane, liquefied natural gas, methanol and ethanol. 2002 to 2012 data include the above, and also biodiesel and grain fuel. 2013 data include propane, liquefied natural gas, methanol, ethanol and biodiesel. 2014 data include propane, liquefied natural gas, ethanol and biodiesel.
NOTES
Data prior to 1996 are not comparable to data from 1996 onward due to a change in sources with differing methodologies. 2009 data for Gasoline and other nondiesel fuels is not comparable to previous years' data due to a change in the reporting requirements that require transit agencies to submit energy consumption data for both purchased transportation (PT) services and directly operated (DO) transportation services. The major effect of this reporting change occurred within the following modes: Demand Response, Motor Bus, Publico, and Vanpool.
This table is not comparable to previous editions due to a change in the unit of measure of power consumption.
The heat equivalent factor used in joule conversion for electric = 3,600 kJ/kWh, negating electrical system losses (to include electrical system losses, multiply this conversion factor by approximately three).
1 mile = 1.609344 kilometers.
1 gallon = 3.785412 liters.
SOURCES
1960-1995: American Public Transportation Association, 2009 Public Transportation Fact Book Appendix A: Historical Tables (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), tables 7, 17, 29, 30, 31 and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Pages/transitstats.aspx as of Apr. 1, 2010.
1996-2014: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database, tables 17 and 19 and similar tables in previous editions, available at www.ntdprogram.gov as of Nov. 2016.