FHWA initiated data collection for the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) in March 2016, increasing the reporting period, deploying several methods of data collection (including mail, telephone, and Internet), and changing the sample from telephone-based to address-based to improve response rates, capture seasonal variations in travel, and provide better links NHTS data with to results of the American Community Survey.

NHTSA continued to implement major improvements to its data systems, including: updates to the 30-year old sampling strategy for the National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) to obtain more robust and detailed understanding of the cause of crashes; modernization of information technology used to collect and link data in the NASS and the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS); and establishment of the Product Information Catalog and Vehicle Listing to provide a centralized, public and authoritative data source for Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN) and VIN-related data.

BTS assembled the first edition of the National Transit Map, a geographic database that supports the analysis of accessibility of populations to centers of employment and services.

The Federal Railroad Administration and BTS released the North American Rail Network, a significantly improved database on the location and characteristics of railroad infrastructure in the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

The Federal Aviation Administration launched its External Data Access initiative to increase and improve public access to its data, starting with online access to aeronautical charts.