Graphic Version

Utilization is throughput/capacity expressed as a percentage

• Utilization is strongly affected by the timing of capacity additions versus demand growth
• Low utilization may signal low productivity, loss of demand, or reserve capacity
• High utilization may signal high productivity, demand spikes, or capacity constraints

Productivity is typically a ratio of throughput per asset unit

• TEU or tons per acre
• Vessel or barge calls per berth
• Crane moves per hour

Averages summarize key characteristics and “smooth out” differences between terminals and over time

• Average truck turn time
• Average tons per vessel or barge call
• Average cranes per berth