Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for Metropolitan Area of Origin: 2007

Estimates are based on data from the 2007 Commodity Flow Survey. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive.

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All Modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	250,064	100	274,454	100	48,008	100	565	9.4	-	9.8	-	11.6	-	12.0
Less than 50 lbs	25,137	10.1	506	0.2	265	0.6	728	11.5	1.2	9.4	-	16.9	0.2	11.1
50 - 99 lbs	6,861	2.7	364	0.1	115	0.2	310	5.9	0.3	12.8	-	15.3	0.1	13.3
100 - 499 lbs	18,468	7.4	2,014	0.7	483	1.0	245	7.3	0.8	8.5	0.1	10.0	0.2	9.5
500 - 749 lbs	5,653	2.3	1,131	0.4	222	0.5	198	7.2	0.2	8.2	-	8.3	0.1	6.3
750 - 999 lbs	4,326	1.7	1,028	0.4	204	0.4	197	16.3	0.3	5.8	-	13.5	0.1	8.9
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	53,313	21.3	16,939	6.2	3,806	7.9	203	6.1	1.8	7.7	0.6	11.3	1.9	4.7
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	120,161	48.1	196,234	71.5	29,268	61.0	180	20.3	3.6	14.1	4.1	15.3	6.1	16.8
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	12,437	5.0	25,471	9.3	2,235	4.7	83	18.2	1.2	11.9	1.1	7.1	0.7	8.0
More than 100,000 lbs	3,708	1.5	30,766	11.2	11,410	23.8	277	19.6	0.4	36.2	4.2	47.8	7.2	19.7

Single modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	215,660	100	269,970	100	45,003	100	202	10.6	-	9.8	-	12.1	-	10.6
Less than 50 lbs	5,772	2.7	192	0.1	35	0.1	246	9.7	0.3	19.8	-	14.4	-	17.7
50 - 99 lbs	3,043	1.4	232	0.1	36	0.1	147	12.6	0.2	21.2	-	21.2	-	23.3
100 - 499 lbs	13,078	6.1	1,742	0.6	340	0.8	190	6.8	0.6	10.0	-	13.1	0.2	11.7
500 - 749 lbs	5,116	2.4	1,077	0.4	192	0.4	178	7.5	0.3	8.8	-	9.7	0.1	6.4
750 - 999 lbs	4,159	1.9	1,005	0.4	202	0.4	199	14.4	0.3	5.6	-	13.8	0.1	9.3
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	51,826	24.0	16,589	6.1	3,611	8.0	198	5.8	2.0	7.6	0.5	11.9	2.0	5.0
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	116,788	54.2	194,496	72.0	27,411	60.9	168	20.1	3.5	13.9	4.2	14.3	6.3	17.5
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	12,411	5.8	25,357	9.4	2,191	4.9	82	18.2	1.4	12.0	1.2	8.0	0.8	8.1
More than 100,000 lbs	3,466	1.6	29,281	10.8	S	S	272	20.6	0.4	38.6	4.3	S	S	25.9

Truck⁴

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	204,604	100	243,825	100	32,348	100	172	8.4	-	12.4	-	8.4	-	11.3
Less than 50 lbs	4,285	2.1	183	0.1	24	0.1	171	9.6	0.2	20.2	-	12.4	-	22.7
50 - 99 lbs	2,906	1.4	231	0.1	34	0.1	139	12.8	0.2	21.4	-	22.8	-	24.9
100 - 499 lbs	12,899	6.3	1,737	0.7	334	1.0	186	6.8	0.6	10.1	-	13.7	0.2	12.3
500 - 749 lbs	5,056	2.5	1,074	0.4	190	0.6	177	7.5	0.2	8.9	-	9.4	0.1	6.3
750 - 999 lbs	4,121	2.0	1,000	0.4	193	0.6	191	14.5	0.3	5.6	-	13.7	0.1	9.1
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	51,375	25.1	16,575	6.8	3,585	11.1	197	5.5	1.7	7.6	0.5	11.9	1.7	4.9
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	110,096	53.8	193,646	79.4	25,525	78.9	153	15.8	3.1	14.0	1.7	10.9	2.4	13.4
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	12,369	6.0	25,319	10.4	2,174	6.7	82	18.2	1.5	12.1	1.4	8.0	0.8	8.0
More than 100,000 lbs	1,496	0.7	4,061	1.7	287	0.9	110	25.8	0.2	28.2	0.4	20.3	0.1	37.0

For-hire truck

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	126,938	100	130,188	100	26,126	100	509	14.5	-	16.3	-	10.1	-	9.4
Less than 50 lbs	1,730	1.4	28	-	17	0.1	689	17.6	0.3	13.2	-	15.3	-	13.0
50 - 99 lbs	1,194	0.9	36	-	25	0.1	662	23.3	0.2	16.6	-	29.0	-	13.6
100 - 499 lbs	5,966	4.7	398	0.3	256	1.0	665	14.5	0.7	16.5	0.1	15.8	0.2	3.2
500 - 749 lbs	2,528	2.0	228	0.2	132	0.5	575	10.3	0.3	18.8	0.1	12.7	0.1	6.7
750 - 999 lbs	2,323	1.8	221	0.2	146	0.6	658	23.3	0.4	14.2	-	17.6	0.1	6.8
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	26,948	21.2	4,729	3.6	2,607	10.0	578	9.1	2.4	7.4	0.6	13.6	1.9	6.7
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	77,860	61.3	110,536	84.9	21,170	81.0	234	23.0	3.5	18.4	2.2	13.0	2.9	9.9
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	7,607	6.0	12,935	9.9	1,585	6.1	116	23.0	2.0	14.0	1.9	13.7	1.2	13.2
More than 100,000 lbs	781	0.6	1,077	0.8	187	0.7	271	32.9	0.2	28.0	0.2	25.6	0.2	25.3

Private truck

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	77,666	100	113,637	100	6,221	100	57	3.6	-	15.6	-	8.4	-	9.8
Less than 50 lbs	2,555	3.3	155	0.1	7	0.1	51	12.5	0.3	25.1	-	13.1	-	19.7
50 - 99 lbs	1,712	2.2	195	0.2	9	0.1	47	11.6	0.3	26.1	-	10.8	-	20.8
100 - 499 lbs	6,933	8.9	1,339	1.2	77	1.2	56	8.4	0.8	11.9	0.2	9.5	0.1	13.3
500 - 749 lbs	2,528	3.3	846	0.7	58	0.9	69	9.4	0.3	10.2	0.1	15.4	0.1	7.6
750 - 999 lbs	1,798	2.3	779	0.7	47	0.7	60	7.5	0.2	5.2	0.1	11.5	0.1	8.9
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	24,427	31.5	11,846	10.4	979	15.7	73	5.2	1.1	8.4	1.1	9.5	1.2	4.1
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	32,236	41.5	83,111	73.1	4,355	70.0	59	8.8	2.6	18.9	3.2	8.5	2.0	12.6
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	4,762	6.1	12,384	10.9	589	9.5	46	28.7	2.0	19.2	1.9	24.1	1.5	7.9
More than 100,000 lbs	716	0.9	2,984	2.6	100	1.6	S	41.1	0.4	28.9	0.8	26.3	0.5	S

Rail

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	S	S	26,104	100	12,587	100	1,411	S	S	43.3	-	43.6	-	22.9
Less than 50 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
50 - 99 lbs	1	-	S	S	S	S	S	10.9	0.1	S	S	S	S	S
100 - 499 lbs	9	0.1	S	S	S	S	S	41.8	0.5	S	S	S	S	S
500 - 749 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
750 - 999 lbs	S	S	S	S	-	-	S	S	S	S	S	16.1	-	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	S	S	3	-	S	S	S	S	S	45.3	-	S	S	S
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	2,430	S	S	S	S	S	S	21.1
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	72	S	S	S	S	S	S	35.5
More than 100,000 lbs	S	S	25,220	96.6	S	S	366	S	S	45.3	7.8	S	S	32.5

Air (incl truck and air)

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	2,354	100	41	100	69	100	1,168	13.5	-	22.9	-	36.0	-	5.6
Less than 50 lbs	1,487	63.2	8	20.2	10	14.8	1,159	12.2	7.3	24.5	6.4	27.0	6.9	6.4
50 - 99 lbs	136	5.8	2	4.3	2	3.0	1,153	40.2	2.8	17.2	3.1	23.1	2.9	23.3
100 - 499 lbs	170	7.2	3	7.0	5	7.0	1,483	27.5	1.6	18.1	4.2	35.5	6.1	17.1
500 - 749 lbs	58	2.5	S	S	S	S	1,065	28.1	2.8	S	S	S	S	36.0
750 - 999 lbs	37	1.6	S	S	S	S	2,013	37.1	0.8	S	S	S	S	16.5
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	S	S	12	28.1	S	S	1,467	S	S	47.6	7.6	S	S	28.2
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Multiple modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	30,146	100	2,222	100	1,521	100	882	9.4	-	28.3	-	13.6	-	8.1
Less than 50 lbs	18,867	62.6	300	13.5	230	15.1	900	14.4	4.2	13.1	5.1	18.9	3.7	8.4
50 - 99 lbs	3,750	12.4	123	5.5	78	5.2	635	10.6	1.3	13.5	1.5	15.7	0.9	5.4
100 - 499 lbs	5,141	17.1	228	10.3	140	9.2	586	20.5	2.8	12.7	3.0	11.5	2.4	5.7
500 - 749 lbs	452	1.5	39	1.7	29	1.9	778	33.6	0.7	26.2	0.7	24.1	0.5	22.0
750 - 999 lbs	30	0.1	8	0.4	2	0.1	S	39.1	0.1	42.8	0.2	33.5	0.1	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	S	S	13	0.6	20	1.3	S	S	S	46.8	0.5	48.5	0.5	S
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	347	15.6	653	42.9	1,811	S	S	29.0	5.8	23.7	7.5	8.3
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	22	0.1	36	1.6	5	0.3	S	39.9	0.2	44.1	5.1	37.6	0.7	S
More than 100,000 lbs	226	0.7	S	S	364	23.9	354	42.0	0.3	S	S	45.5	8.5	43.9

Parcel, U.S.P.S. or courier

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	28,160	100	697	100	476	100	881	10.1	-	10.8	-	13.1	-	8.2
Less than 50 lbs	18,863	67.0	300	43.1	230	48.2	900	14.4	3.7	13.2	2.3	18.9	3.3	8.4
50 - 99 lbs	3,750	13.3	123	17.6	78	16.5	635	10.6	1.4	13.5	1.2	15.8	1.7	5.5
100 - 499 lbs	5,072	18.0	228	32.7	138	29.1	583	20.9	2.8	12.7	2.5	11.7	2.7	5.9
500 - 749 lbs	445	1.6	38	5.5	28	5.8	753	34.1	0.7	26.6	1.8	24.0	1.8	22.6
750 - 999 lbs	30	0.1	8	1.1	2	0.4	S	37.7	0.1	41.3	0.6	31.4	0.2	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Truck and rail

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	S	S	1,478	100	968	100	1,432	S	S	43.0	-	20.8	-	13.4
Less than 50 lbs	3	0.2	S	S	S	S	2,079	39.9	0.7	S	S	S	S	28.8
50 - 99 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
100 - 499 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	1,679	S	S	S	S	S	S	30.5
500 - 749 lbs	6	0.3	S	S	S	S	2,244	36.2	2.3	S	S	S	S	25.4
750 - 999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	1,442	S	S	S	S	S	S	26.6
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	307	20.8	586	60.5	1,815	S	S	32.2	16.1	24.6	11.2	9.2
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	22	1.2	36	2.5	5	0.5	S	39.9	11.0	44.1	9.8	37.6	1.2	S
More than 100,000 lbs	226	12.6	S	S	364	37.6	354	42.0	10.7	S	S	45.5	12.4	43.9

Truck and water

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	194	100	47	100	72	100	S	44.9	-	34.6	-	47.8	-	S
Less than 50 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
50 - 99 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
100 - 499 lbs	S	S	-	0.4	S	S	3,476	S	S	21.9	8.1	S	S	34.4
500 - 749 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
750 - 999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	39	84.7	S	S	1,652	S	S	41.2	9.6	S	S	22.9
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Rail and water

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
Less than 50 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50 - 99 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
100 - 499 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
500 - 749 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
750 - 999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
More than 100,000 lbs	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Other and unknown modes

Shipment Weight	Value		Tons		Ton-miles2		Average miles per shipment	Value		Tons		Ton-miles		Average miles per shipment CV
	2007 (million $)	Percent of total	2007 (thousands)	Percent of total	2007 (millions)	Percent of total		CV3	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %	CV	Standard Error of %
Total	4,258	100	2,262	100	S	S	76	17.7	-	37.5	-	S	S	30.9
Less than 50 lbs	498	11.7	14	0.6	-	-	S	33.5	3.4	43.8	1.6	27.5	0.1	S
50 - 99 lbs	68	1.6	9	0.4	-	-	S	36.2	0.9	33.2	0.8	31.4	0.1	S
100 - 499 lbs	249	5.8	44	1.9	2	0.2	52	33.2	1.3	34.9	1.4	36.1	0.5	45.5
500 - 749 lbs	86	2.0	S	S	1	0.1	S	36.0	0.8	S	S	34.1	0.2	S
750 - 999 lbs	S	S	15	0.7	-	-	S	S	S	43.7	2.1	48.3	-	S
1,000 - 9,999 lbs	1,337	31.4	337	14.9	175	11.8	407	37.7	8.5	41.0	7.4	48.1	10.1	14.3
10,000 - 49,999 lbs	1,864	43.8	S	S	S	S	896	28.9	9.9	S	S	S	S	15.4
50,000 - 99,999 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	472	S	S	S	S	S	S	40.2
More than 100,000 lbs	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S

KEY: S = Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or poor response quality. - = Zero or Less than half the unit shown; thus, it has been rounded to zero.

¹ Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) geographic areas were drawn from a subset of Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MeSAs) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). However, CFS metropolitan areas are divided into their state parts when they include more than one state. In addition, the CFS also utilizes a unique geography referred to as, "remainder of state," to represent those areas of a state not contained within a separately published metropolitan area for the CFS (as opposed to not part of any Core-Based Statistical Area (CBSA) as defined by OMB). Because of the differences in the CFS geography, as compared to OMB defined geography, caution should be exercised when comparing CFS estimates to other estimates of similar geography.
² Ton-miles estimates are based on estimated distances traveled along a modeled transportation network.
³ Coefficient of Variation.
⁴ ""Truck"" as a single mode includes any shipment that was made by private truck only, by for-hire truck only, or by a combination of private and for-hire truck.
⁵ Estimates for pipeline exclude shipments of crude petroleum.

NOTES: Value-of-shipment estimates are reported in current prices. Estimated measures of sampling variability for each estimate known as coefficients of variation (CV) are also provided in these tables. More information on sampling error, confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at http://www.bts.gov/publications/commodity_flow_survey/
Rows are not shown if all cells for that particular mode have no data. For example, since Denver-Aurora-Boulder by "Water" has no data for any shipment weight group, the entire mode of "Water" for that area was removed from this table. However, if a mode has at least one row of data for one of the shipment weight groups, then the entire mode is shown even though there may be rows absent of data within that mode. For example, Denver-Aurora-Boulder by "Other and unknown modes" has a row absent of data for the shipment size of "More than 100,000 lbs" but does have data for the other shipment weight groups under that mode so it will be shown in its entirety.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 Economic Census: Transportation Commodity Flow Survey, December 2009.