Table 4-6: Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation
Table 4-6: Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation
(Trillion Btu)
1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificated carriersa | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Jet fuel | 264 | 525 | 1,061 | 1,020 | 1,150 | 1,366 | 1,664 | 1,553 | 1,588 | 1,614 | 1,672 | 1,711 | 1,784 | 1,831 | 1,800 | 1,944 | (R) 2,007 | (R) 1,872 | (R) 1,744 | (R) 1,766 | (R) 1,902 | (R)1,885 | 1,834 |
General aviationb | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Aviation gasoline | 29 | 35 | 66 | 50 | 63 | 51 | 42 | 43 | 38 | 32 | 32 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 37 | 42 | 40 | (R)34 | 33 | (R)33 | (R)33 | (R)31 | 32 |
Jet fuel | N | 8 | 28 | 61 | 103 | 93 | 90 | 78 | 67 | 61 | 63 | 76 | 82 | 87 | 110 | 131 | 131 | (R)124 | (R)127 | (R)126 | (R)166 | (R)169 | 174 |
Highway | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gasoline, diesel and other fuels | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger car and motorcycle | 5,146 | 6,215 | 8,485 | 9,282 | 8,773 | 8,963 | 8,720 | 8,063 | 8,203 | 8,406 | 8,510 | 8,534 | 8,677 | 8,762 | 8,988 | 9,187 | 9,159 | 9,219 | 9,458 | 9,456 | (R)9,451 | (R)9,701 | 9,400 |
Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicle | N | e | 1,539 | 2,385 | 2,975 | 3,420 | 4,451 | 4,777 | 5,116 | 5,356 | 5,514 | 5,701 | 5,919 | 6,173 | 6,308 | 6,607 | 6,617 | 6,690 | 6,903 | 7,595 | (R)7,927 | (R)7,359 | 7,583 |
Single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck | N | 1,921 | 550 | 752 | 960 | 1,026 | 1,159 | 1,133 | 1,142 | 1,177 | 1,253 | 1,278 | 1,305 | 1,328 | 946 | 1,300 | 1,326 | 1,341 | 1,290 | 1,110 | (R)1,120 | (R)1,188 | 1,230 |
Combination truck | N | 923 | 1,019 | 1,273 | 1,808 | 1,942 | 2,238 | 2,331 | 2,388 | 2,462 | 2,587 | 2,743 | 2,801 | 2,816 | 3,489 | 3,403 | 3,560 | 3,538 | 3,673 | 3,303 | (R)3,355 | (R)3,840 | 3,894 |
Bus | 115 | 121 | 114 | 146 | 141 | 116 | 124 | 120 | 122 | 129 | 134 | 134 | 137 | 142 | 144 | 159 | 154 | 142 | 139 | 134 | (R)189 | (R)155 | 159 |
Transitc | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 14 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
Motor fuel | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diesel | 29 | 34 | 38 | 51 | 60 | 84 | 90 | 92 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 96 | 99 | 103 | 106 | 109 | 103 | 100 | 99 | 101 | 101 | 102 |
Gasoline and other nondiesel fuelsd | 24 | 16 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 9 |
Compressed natural gas | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | <1 | <1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 20 |
Rail, Class I (in freight service) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Distillate / diesel fuel | 480 | 498 | 492 | 507 | 541 | 431 | 432 | 403 | 417 | 428 | 462 | 483 | 496 | 496 | 497 | 515 | 513 | 515 | 517 | 531 | 563 | 568 | 581 |
Amtrak | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity | N | N | N | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | U | U | U | U | U |
Distillate / diesel fuel | N | N | N | 9 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 10 | U | U | U | U | U |
Water | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Residual fuel oil | 592 | 463 | 565 | 608 | 1,340 | 687 | 947 | 1,014 | 983 | 791 | 806 | 881 | 853 | 750 | 841 | 874 | 960 | 810 | 726 | 580 | 702 | 775 | 861 |
Distillate / diesel fuel oil | 109 | 90 | 114 | 152 | 205 | 236 | 286 | 284 | 308 | 299 | 304 | 324 | 345 | 357 | 360 | 336 | 314 | 284 | 288 | 307 | 297 | 278 | 264 |
Gasoline | N | N | 75 | 91 | 132 | 132 | 163 | 214 | 165 | 109 | 109 | 133 | 124 | 123 | 120 | 137 | 141 | 124 | 135 | 138 | 126 | 158 | 155 |
Pipeline | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural gas | 358 | 516 | 745 | 601 | 654 | 519 | 680 | 620 | 606 | 644 | 707 | 722 | 734 | 775 | 655 | 665 | 662 | 644 | 688 | 610 | (R)584 | (R)602 | 603 |
KEY: Btu = British thermal unit, N = data do not exist, R = revised, U = data are unavailable.
a Domestic operations only.
b Includes fuel used in air taxi operations, but not commuter operations.
c Prior to 1984, excludes commuter rail, automated guideway, ferryboat, demand responsive vehicles, and most rural and smaller systems.
d Gasoline and all other nondiesel fuels such as liquefied natural gas, methanol, and propane, except compressed natural gas.
e Included in other single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck category.
NOTES
The following conversion rates were used:
Jet fuel = 135,000 Btu/gallon
Compressed natural gas = 138,700 Btu/gallon
Aviation gasoline = 120,200 Btu/gallon
Distillate fuel = 138,700 Btu/gallon
Automotive gasoline = 125,000 Btu/gallon
Residual fuel = 149,700 Btu/gallon
Diesel motor fuel = 138,700 Btu/gallon
Natural gas = 1,031 Btu/ft3
Electricity 1kWh = 3,412 Btu, negating electrical system losses. To include approximate electrical system losses, multiply this conversion factor by 3.
SOURCES
Air:
Certificated air carriers:
U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Fuel Cost and Consumption, available at http://www.bts.gov/programs/airline_information as of August
General aviation:
1960-70: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, FAA Statistical Handbook of Aviation - 1972 edition (Washington, DC: 1973), table 9.12.
1975-93: Ibid., General Aviation and Air Taxi Activity Survey (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 5.1, and similar tables in earlier editions.
1994-2006: Ibid., FAA Aerospace Forecasts Fiscal Years 2007-2018 (Washington, DC: Dec. 2005), table 34 and similar tables in earlier editions.
Highway:
1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table VM-201A. (Revised data obtained from Internet site http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/ohimstat.ht
1995-2006: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table VM-1.
Transit:
Electricity / motor fuel / compressed natural gas:
American Public Transportation Association, Public Transportation Fact Book (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 27, 28, 29 and similar tables in earlier editions.
Rail:
Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual issues).
Amtrak:
1975-2001: Amtrak, Energy Management Department, personal communication.
Water:
Residual and distillate / diesel fuel oil:
1960-80: American Petroleum Institute, Basic Petroleum Data Book (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 10, 10a, 12, and 12a.
1985-2006: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 2, 4, and similar tables in earlier editions.
Gasoline:
1970-2006: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table MF-24 and similar tables in earlier editions.
Pipeline:
U.S. Department of Energy, Natural Gas Annual, DOE/EIA-0131(04) (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 15 and similar tables in earlier editions.