Table 4-39: Estimated National Average Vehicle Emissions Rates per Vehicle by Vehicle Type using Reformulated Gasoline and Diesel
Table 4-39: Estimated National Average Vehicle Emissions Rates per Vehicle by Vehicle Type using Reformulated Gasoline and Diesel
(Grams per mile)
1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RFG (assuming 100% RFG) | ||||||||||||||
Light-duty vehicles | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 1.45 | 1.28 | 1.15 | 1.04 | 0.97 | 0.84 | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.62 | 0.55 | 0.47 | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.35 |
Nonexhaust HC | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.64 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.57 | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.47 | 0.43 |
Total HC | 2.34 | 2.15 | 2.01 | 1.88 | 1.78 | 1.48 | 1.39 | 1.29 | 1.21 | 1.12 | 1.02 | 0.92 | 0.85 | 0.78 |
Exhaust CO | 22.78 | 20.84 | 19.43 | 18.25 | 17.21 | 15.36 | 14.68 | 13.88 | 13.17 | 12.49 | 11.44 | 9.81 | 9.29 | 8.84 |
Exhaust NOx | 1.78 | 1.64 | 1.55 | 1.46 | 1.35 | 1.24 | 1.19 | 1.12 | 1.06 | 1.00 | 0.90 | 0.77 | 0.72 | 0.66 |
Light-duty trucks | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 2.09 | 1.85 | 1.69 | 1.55 | 1.44 | 1.27 | 1.18 | 1.07 | 0.97 | 0.89 | 0.71 | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.50 |
Nonexhaust HC | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.85 | 0.68 | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.47 |
Total HC | 3.02 | 2.75 | 2.58 | 2.42 | 2.29 | 1.96 | 1.84 | 1.71 | 1.59 | 1.48 | 1.28 | (R) 1.16 | 1.09 | 0.97 |
Exhaust CO | 31.86 | 29.46 | 27.70 | 26.19 | 24.63 | 22.25 | 21.09 | 19.71 | 17.78 | 16.66 | 14.47 | 15.79 | 12.03 | 11.22 |
Exhaust NOx | 1.84 | 1.73 | 1.65 | 1.59 | 1.55 | 1.47 | 1.45 | 1.41 | 1.36 | 1.31 | 1.20 | 1.07 | 1.01 | 0.93 |
Heavy-duty vehicles | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 2.14 | 1.91 | 1.70 | 1.48 | 1.32 | 1.16 | 1.03 | 0.92 | 0.77 | 0.70 | 0.62 | 0.51 | 0.45 | 0.40 |
Nonexhaust HC | 1.72 | 1.64 | 1.56 | 1.50 | 1.43 | 1.12 | 1.07 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 0.97 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 0.78 | 0.73 |
Total HC | 3.86 | 3.55 | 3.26 | 2.98 | 2.75 | 2.28 | 2.10 | 1.96 | 1.78 | 1.67 | 1.51 | 1.34 | 1.23 | 1.13 |
Exhaust CO | 46.02 | 41.15 | 36.62 | 32.80 | 29.12 | 25.87 | 22.88 | 20.41 | 16.87 | 15.33 | 13.89 | 12.01 | 11.25 | 10.41 |
Exhaust NOx | 6.13 | 5.90 | 5.74 | 5.57 | 5.41 | 5.18 | 5.01 | 4.86 | 4.75 | 4.63 | 4.36 | 3.79 | 3.39 | 3.00 |
Motorcycles | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 1.69 | 1.63 | 1.63 | 1.62 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 |
Nonexhaust HC | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.41 |
Total HC | 2.24 | 2.17 | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.14 | 2.04 | 2.04 | 2.04 | 2.05 | 2.05 | 2.04 | 2.04 | 2.03 | 2.02 |
Exhaust CO | 12.64 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.56 |
Exhaust NOx | 1.26 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.25 |
DIESEL | ||||||||||||||
Light-duty vehicles | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.60 | 0.58 | 0.48 | 0.36 | 0.29 |
Exhaust CO | 1.69 | 1.73 | 1.76 | 1.78 | 1.79 | 1.78 | 1.75 | 1.73 | 1.74 | 1.59 | 1.57 | 1.41 | 1.21 | 1.09 |
Exhaust NOx | 1.89 | 1.89 | 1.88 | 1.86 | 1.85 | 1.81 | 1.72 | 1.62 | 1.54 | 1.43 | 1.32 | 1.11 | 0.85 | 0.69 |
Light-duty trucks | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 1.67 | 1.69 | 1.63 | 1.51 | 1.42 | 1.02 | 0.88 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.63 | 0.55 |
Exhaust CO | 2.85 | 2.89 | 2.79 | 2.60 | 2.44 | 1.77 | 1.54 | 1.66 | 1.68 | 1.68 | 1.37 | 1.34 | 1.06 | 0.93 |
Exhaust NOx | 2.46 | 2.42 | 2.31 | 2.17 | 2.07 | 1.76 | 1.64 | 1.67 | 1.66 | 1.59 | 1.37 | 1.30 | 1.09 | 0.94 |
Heavy-duty vehicles | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 1.23 | 1.10 | 1.00 | 0.92 | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.69 | 0.61 | 0.58 | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 0.45 |
Exhaust CO | 6.32 | 5.73 | 5.23 | 4.80 | 4.43 | 4.10 | 3.82 | 3.58 | 3.37 | 3.19 | 3.05 | 2.90 | 2.66 | 2.31 |
Exhaust NOx | 20.49 | 20.24 | 20.04 | 19.84 | 19.14 | 18.05 | 16.68 | 15.52 | 13.92 | 12.50 | 11.45 | 10.55 | 9.60 | 8.61 |
Average Emissions Per Vehicle, RFG and Diesel Fleet | ||||||||||||||
Exhaust HC | 1.65 | 1.46 | 1.34 | 1.23 | 1.15 | 1.02 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.71 | 0.60 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.44 |
Nonexhaust HC | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.78 | 0.62 | 0.60 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.54 | 0.52 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.42 |
Total HC | 2.51 | 2.30 | 2.16 | 2.03 | 1.93 | 1.64 | 1.55 | 1.44 | 1.35 | 1.26 | 1.12 | 1.02 | 0.95 | 0.87 |
Exhaust CO | 24.92 | 22.93 | 21.56 | 20.38 | 19.27 | 17.44 | 16.62 | 15.64 | 14.43 | 13.62 | 12.18 | 10.66 | 10.12 | 9.52 |
Exhaust NOx | 3.36 | 3.24 | 3.18 | 3.12 | 3.02 | 2.85 | 2.71 | 2.58 | 2.40 | 2.24 | 2.06 | 1.86 | 1.71 | 1.57 |
KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hydrocarbon; NOx = nitrogen oxide; RFG = reformulated gasoline; R = revised.
NOTES
As
of July 1 of each year. Vehicle types are defined as follows: light-duty
vehicles (passenger cars up to 6,000 lb gross vehicle weight rating GVWR) ;
light-duty trucks (pickups and minivans up to 8,500 lb GVWR); heavy-duty
vehicles (8,501 lb or more GVWR); motorcycle (on-highway only). The data in this table are based on
MOBILE6, and reflect the introduction of RFG starting in 1995. Interested
readers can learn more about the MOBILE6 model at the following USEPA Internet
site http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm.
Emissions
factors are national averages based on the following assumptions: ambient
temperature 75 ºF, daily temperature range 60 -84 ºF, average traffic speed
27.6 mph (representative of overall traffic in urban areas), standard
operating mode (cold-start, hot-start, stabilized), vehicle-miles traveled
fractions and no inspection/maintenance or antitampering programs.
Emissions
estimates in this table assume 100% RFG.
Average emissions per vehicle rates assume a fleet comprised
exclusively of reformulated gasoline and diesel vehicles. For emissions
estimates of a fleet using gasoline and diesel, see table 4-38.
SOURCE
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Vehicle and Fuel
Emissions Laboratory, personal communication, Nov. 23, 2009.