Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles
Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger-Miles
(Millions)
1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Air carrier, certificated, domestic, all services | 31,099 | 53,226 | 108,442 | (R) 119,591 | (R) 190,766 | (R) 275,864 | (R) 345,873 | (R) 338,085 | (R) 354,764 | (R) 362,227 | (R) 388,410 | (R) 403,912 | (R) 434,652 | (R) 450,673 | (R) 462,754 | (R) 487,940 | (R) 518,598 | 486,506 | (R) 483,572 | (R) 505,576 | (R) 558,166 | (R) 583,758 | (R) 588,455 | (R) 607,551 | (R) 583,281 | 551,732 |
Highway, total | 1,272,078 | 1,555,237 | 2,042,002 | 2,404,954 | 2,653,510 | 3,012,953 | 3,561,209 | 3,600,322 | 3,697,719 | 3,768,066 | 3,837,512 | 3,868,070 | 3,968,386 | 4,089,366 | 4,200,634 | 4,304,270 | 4,390,076 | 4,643,793 | 4,667,038 | 4,721,869 | 4,844,452 | 4,887,945 | 4,929,366 | 4,981,088 | 4,900,171 | 4,236,384 |
Light duty vehicle, short wheel basea,b,c | 1,144,673 | 1,394,803 | 1,750,897 | 1,954,166 | 2,011,989 | 2,094,621 | 2,281,391 | 2,200,260 | 2,208,226 | 2,213,281 | 2,249,742 | 2,286,887 | 2,337,068 | 2,389,065 | 2,463,828 | 2,494,870 | 2,544,457 | 2,556,481 | 2,620,389 | 2,641,885 | 2,685,827 | 2,699,305 | 2,671,044 | 3,324,977 | 3,199,116 | 2,797,438 |
Motorcycleb,c | U | U | 3,277 | 6,192 | 12,257 | 11,812 | 12,424 | 11,656 | 11,946 | 12,184 | 12,390 | 10,777 | 10,912 | 11,089 | 11,311 | 11,642 | 11,516 | 11,760 | 12,131 | 12,163 | 12,855 | 13,277 | 15,303 | 27,173 | 26,430 | 22,404 |
Light duty vehicle, long wheel basea,b,c | U | U | 225,613 | 363,267 | 520,774 | 688,091 | 999,754 | 1,116,958 | 1,201,667 | 1,252,860 | 1,269,292 | 1,256,146 | 1,298,299 | 1,352,675 | 1,380,557 | 1,432,625 | 1,467,664 | 1,678,853 | 1,674,792 | 1,706,103 | 1,780,771 | 1,804,848 | 1,876,690 | 1,017,007 | 1,049,667 | 824,151 |
Truck, single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or morec | 98,551 | 128,769 | 27,081 | 34,606 | 39,813 | 45,441 | 51,901 | 52,898 | 53,874 | 56,772 | 61,284 | 62,705 | 64,072 | 66,893 | 68,021 | 70,304 | 70,500 | 85,489 | 75,866 | 77,757 | 78,441 | 78,496 | 80,344 | 119,979 | 126,855 | 120,163 |
Truck, combination | 28,854 | 31,665 | 35,134 | 46,724 | 68,678 | 78,063 | 94,341 | 96,645 | 99,510 | 103,116 | 108,932 | 115,451 | 118,899 | 124,584 | 128,359 | 132,384 | 135,020 | 161,169 | 138,737 | 140,160 | 142,370 | 144,028 | 142,169 | 184,199 | 183,826 | 167,842 |
Busd | U | U | U | U | U | 94,925 | 121,398 | 121,906 | 122,496 | 129,852 | 135,871 | 136,104 | 139,136 | 145,060 | 148,558 | 162,445 | 160,919 | 150,042 | 145,124 | 143,801 | 144,188 | 147,992 | 143,816 | 307,753 | 314,278 | 304,386 |
Transit, totale | U | U | U | U | 39,854 | 39,581 | 41,143 | 40,703 | 40,241 | 39,384 | 39,585 | 39,808 | 38,984 | 40,180 | 41,605 | 43,279 | 45,100 | 46,508 | 46,096 | 45,677 | 46,546 | 47,125 | 49,504 | 51,873 | 53,712 | 53,898 |
Motor busf | U | U | U | U | 21,790 | 21,161 | 20,981 | 21,090 | 20,336 | 20,247 | 18,832 | 18,818 | 16,802 | 17,509 | 17,874 | 18,684 | 18,807 | 19,583 | 19,679 | 19,179 | 18,921 | 19,425 | 20,390 | 20,388 | 21,198 | 21,100 |
Light rail | U | U | U | U | 381 | 350 | 571 | 662 | 701 | 705 | 833 | 860 | 955 | 1,024 | 1,115 | 1,190 | 1,339 | 1,427 | 1,432 | 1,476 | 1,576 | 1,700 | 1,866 | 1,930 | 2,081 | 2,196 |
Heavy rail | U | U | U | U | 10,558 | 10,427 | 11,475 | 10,528 | 10,737 | 10,231 | 10,668 | 10,559 | 11,530 | 12,056 | 12,284 | 12,902 | 13,844 | 14,178 | 13,663 | 13,606 | 14,354 | 14,418 | 14,721 | 16,138 | 16,850 | 16,805 |
Trolley bus | U | U | U | U | 219 | 306 | 193 | 195 | 199 | 188 | 187 | 187 | 184 | 189 | 182 | 186 | 192 | 187 | 188 | 176 | 173 | 173 | 164 | 156 | 161 | 168 |
Commuter rail | 4,197 | 4,128 | 4,592 | 4,513 | 6,516 | 6,534 | 7,082 | 7,344 | 7,320 | 6,940 | 7,996 | 8,244 | 8,350 | 8,037 | 8,702 | 8,764 | 9,400 | 9,544 | 9,500 | 9,555 | 9,715 | 9,470 | 10,359 | 11,137 | 11,032 | 11,129 |
Demand responsivef | U | U | U | U | U | 364 | 431 | 454 | 495 | 562 | 577 | 607 | 391 | 531 | 513 | 559 | 588 | 626 | 651 | 689 | 704 | 738 | 753 | 778 | 844 | 881 |
Ferry boatf | U | U | U | U | U | U | 286 | 282 | 271 | 260 | 260 | 260 | 255 | 254 | 280 | 295 | 298 | 295 | 301 | 367 | 357 | 359 | 360 | 381 | 390 | 365 |
Otherf | U | U | U | U | 390 | 439 | 124 | 148 | 182 | 251 | 232 | 273 | 516 | 579 | 654 | 699 | 632 | 668 | 683 | 629 | 745 | 842 | 891 | 966 | 1,156 | 1,254 |
Rail | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intercity/Amtrakg | 17,064 | 13,260 | 6,179 | 3,931 | 4,503 | 4,825 | 6,057 | 6,273 | 6,091 | 6,199 | 5,921 | 5,545 | 5,050 | 5,166 | 5,304 | 5,330 | 5,498 | 5,559 | 5,468 | 5,680 | 5,511 | 5,381 | 5,410 | 5,784 | 6,179 | 5,914 |
KEY: R = revised; U = data are unavailable.
a 1960-99 data are for Passenger Cars and Other 2-axle, 4-tire vehicles, respectively. Data for 1960-99 are not comparable to data for 2000-09.
b U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), provides data separately for Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) and Motorcycle in its annual Highway Statistics series. However, the 1995 summary report provides updated data for Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) and Motorcycle combined. Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) figures in this table were computed by U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, by subtracting the most current motorcycle figures from the aggregate Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) and Motorcycle figures.
c 1960-65, Motorcycle data are included in Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car), and Long duty vehicle, long wheel base (formerly Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicle) data are included in Single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more Truck.
d Motor bus and demand responsive figures are also included in the bus figure for highway.
e Prior to 1985, excludes demand responsive and most rural and smaller systems funded via Sections 18 and 16(b)2, Federal Transit Act. The series is not continuous between 1980 and 1985. Transit rail modes are measured in car-miles. Car-miles measure individual vehicle-miles in a train. A 10-car train traveling 1 mile would equal 1 train-mile and 10 car-miles.
f Ferry boat included with Other under Transit for 1980 and 1985.
g National Passenger Railroad Corporation (Amtrak) began operations in 1971. Does not include contract commuter passengers.
NOTES
Air carrier passenger-miles are computed by summing the products of the aircraft-miles flown on each inter airport segment multiplied by the number of passengers carried on that segment. Highway passenger-miles from 1960 to 1994 are calculated by multiplying vehicle-miles of travel as cited by FHWA by the average number of occupants for each vehicle type. Average vehicle occupancy rates are based on various sources, such as the National Household Travel Survey, conducted by the Federal Highway Administration, and the Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey, conducted by the Bureau of the Census. Transit passenger-miles are the cumulative sum of the distances ridden by each passenger. Rail passenger-miles represent the movement of 1 passenger for 1 mile.
Highway data for 2007-09 were calculated using a new methodology developed by FHWA. Data for these years are based on new categories and are not comparable to previous years. The new category Light duty vehicle, short wheel base includes passenger cars, light trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles with a wheelbase (WB) equal to or less than 121 inches. The new category Light duty vehicle, long wheel base includes large passenger cars, vans, pickup trucks, and sport/utility vehicles with wheelbases (WB) larger than 121 inches.
In July 1997, the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration published revised passenger-miles data for the highway modes for a number of years. The major change reflected the reassignment of some vehicles from the Passenger car category to the Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicle category. Passenger-miles for passenger car, motorcycle, and other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles were derived by multiplying vehicle-miles for these vehicles by average vehicle occupancy rates, provided by the Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (1977, 1983, and 1995) and the National Household Travel Survey (2001).
Transit data from 1996 and after are not comparable to the data for earlier years or to the data published in previous editions of the report due to different data sources used.
Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.
SOURCES
Air:
Air carrier, domestic, all services:
1960: Civil Aeronautics Board, Handbook of Airline Statistics, 1969 (Washington, DC: 1970), part III, table 2.
1965-70: Ibid., Handbook of Airline Statistics, 1973 (Washington, DC: 1974), part III, table 2.
1975-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Air Carrier Summary : T1: U.S. Air Carrier Traffic And Capacity Summary by Service Class, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/DL_SelectFields.asp?Table_ID=264&DB_Short_Name=Air%20Carrier%20Summary as of May 10, 2011.
Highway:
Passenger car and motorcycle:
1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
1995-2006: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
Light duty vehicle, short wheel base:
2007-09: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
Motorcycle:
1970-80: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1985 (Washington, DC: 1986), table VM-201A.
1985-2009: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicle:
1970-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
1995-2006: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
Light duty vehicle, long wheel base:
2007-09: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
Single-unit 2-axle 6-tires or more truck, combination truck, and bus:
1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of May 6, 2011.
1995-2009: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.
Transit:
Ferryboat:
1992: American Public Transit Association, personal communication, July 19, 2000.
1993-95: American Public Transit Association, personal communication, Aug. 13, 2001.
1996-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database, available at http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram/data.htm as of May 9, 2011.
All other data:
1960-1995: American Public Transportation Association, Public Transportation Fact Book (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table 2 and similar tables in earlier editions.
1996-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database, available at http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram/data.htm as of May 9, 2011.
Rail, Intercity / Amtrak:
1960-80: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues).
1985: Amtrak, Amtrak FY95 Annual Report (Washington, DC: 1996), Statistical Appendix, page 4.
1990-2002: Ibid., Amtrak Annual Report (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), Statistical Appendix.
2003-09: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), page 77.