Table 1-40M: U.S. Passenger-Kilometers

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(Millions)

	1960	1965	1970	1975	1980	1985	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Air
Air carrier, certificated, domestic, all services	50,049	85,659	174,520	(R) 192,464	(R) 307,008	(R) 443,959	(R) 556,629	(R) 544,096	(R) 570,938	(R) 582,948	(R) 625,086	(R) 650,033	(R) 699,504	(R) 725,288	(R) 744,730	(R) 785,263	(R) 834,603	782,956	(R) 778,234	(R) 813,646	(R) 898,282	(R) 939,467	(R) 947,026	(R) 977,758	(R) 938,699	887,926
Highway, total	2,047,212	2,502,912	3,286,284	3,870,399	4,270,411	4,848,878	5,731,210	5,794,157	5,950,903	6,064,114	6,175,877	6,225,055	6,386,498	6,581,197	6,760,265	6,927,051	7,065,142	7,473,461	7,510,870	7,599,111	7,796,390	7,866,385	7,933,046	8,016,285	7,886,060	6,817,800
Light duty vehicle, short wheel basea,b,c	1,842,173	2,244,718	2,817,796	3,144,925	3,237,982	3,370,965	3,671,543	3,540,975	3,553,795	3,561,931	3,620,609	3,680,388	3,761,146	3,844,827	3,965,147	4,015,104	4,094,907	4,114,258	4,217,107	4,251,702	4,322,419	4,344,110	4,298,629	5,351,032	5,148,478	4,502,040
Motorcycleb,c	U	U	5,274	9,965	19,725	19,009	19,995	18,759	19,226	19,609	19,940	17,344	17,561	17,846	18,203	18,736	18,533	18,925	19,523	19,574	20,689	21,367	24,628	43,731	42,534	36,056
Light duty vehicle, long wheel basea,b,c	U	U	363,090	584,622	838,104	1,107,376	1,608,947	1,797,569	1,933,896	2,016,283	2,042,728	2,021,571	2,089,410	2,176,919	2,221,791	2,305,586	2,361,976	2,701,851	2,695,316	2,745,706	2,865,873	2,904,621	3,020,240	1,636,715	1,689,275	1,326,343
Truck, single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or mored	158,602	207,234	43,583	55,693	64,073	73,130	83,527	85,131	86,702	91,366	98,627	100,914	103,114	107,654	109,469	113,143	113,459	137,581	122,094	125,137	126,239	126,327	129,301	193,087	204,153	193,383
Truck, combination	46,436	50,960	56,543	75,195	110,527	125,630	151,827	155,535	160,146	165,949	175,309	185,800	191,349	200,499	206,574	213,051	217,294	259,377	223,276	225,566	229,122	231,790	228,799	296,440	295,839	270,116
Buse	U	U	U	U	U	152,767	195,371	196,189	197,138	208,977	218,663	219,038	223,918	233,451	239,081	261,430	258,973	241,470	233,554	231,425	232,049	238,170	231,449	495,280	505,782	489,862
Transit, totalf	U	U	U	U	64,139	63,699	66,213	65,505	64,762	63,382	63,706	64,065	62,739	64,664	66,957	69,651	72,582	74,847	74,184	73,510	74,908	75,840	79,669	83,482	86,441	86,741
Motor buse	U	U	U	U	35,068	34,055	33,766	33,941	32,728	32,584	30,307	30,285	27,040	28,178	28,765	30,069	30,267	31,516	31,670	30,865	30,450	31,261	32,815	32,811	34,115	33,957
Light rail	U	U	U	U	613	563	919	1,065	1,128	1,135	1,341	1,384	1,537	1,647	1,795	1,915	2,156	2,297	2,304	2,375	2,537	2,735	3,003	3,107	3,349	3,534
Heavy rail	U	U	U	U	16,991	16,781	18,467	16,943	17,280	16,465	17,168	16,993	18,556	19,402	19,770	20,764	22,279	22,817	21,989	21,897	23,101	23,203	23,692	25,972	27,117	27,045
Trolley bus	U	U	U	U	352	492	311	314	320	303	301	301	296	304	292	300	309	301	302	283	279	278	264	250	259	270
Commuter rail	6,754	6,643	7,390	7,263	10,486	10,515	11,397	11,819	11,780	11,169	12,868	13,267	13,439	12,935	14,005	14,104	15,128	15,359	15,288	15,378	15,635	15,241	16,671	17,923	17,754	17,911
Demand responsivee	U	U	U	U	U	586	694	731	797	904	929	977	629	855	826	900	946	1,007	1,048	1,108	1,133	1,188	1,212	1,252	1,358	1,418
Ferry boatg	U	U	U	U	U	U	460	454	436	418	418	418	411	409	451	474	480	475	485	590	575	578	579	613	628	587
Otherg	U	U	U	U	628	707	200	238	293	404	373	439	830	932	1,053	1,125	1,018	1,074	1,098	1,012	1,199	1,355	1,434	1,555	1,860	2,018
Rail
Intercity/Amtrakh	27,462	21,340	9,944	6,326	7,247	7,765	9,748	10,095	9,803	9,976	9,529	8,924	8,127	8,314	8,536	8,578	8,848	8,946	8,800	9,141	8,869	8,660	8,706	9,309	9,943	9,518

KEY: R = revised; U = data are unavailable.

^a 1960-2006 data are for Passenger Cars and Other 2-axle, 4-tire vehicles, respectively. Data for 1960-2006 are not comparable to data for 2007-09.

^b U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), provides data separately for Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) and Motorcycle in its annual Highway Statistics series. However, the 1995 summary report provides updated data for Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) and Motorcycle combined. Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) figures in this table were computed by U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, by subtracting the most current motorcycle figures from the aggregate Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car) and Motorcycle figures.

^c 1960-65, Motorcycle data are included in Light duty vehicle, short wheel base (formerly Passenger car), and Long duty vehicle, long wheel base (formerly Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicle) data included in Single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more Truck.

^d Light duty vehicles, long wheel base (formerly Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles) are included in single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck in 1960 and 1965.

^e Motor bus and demand responsive figures are also included in the bus figure for highway.

^f Prior to 1985, excludes demand responsive and most rural and smaller systems funded via Sections 18 and 16(b)2, Federal Transit Act. The series is not continuous between 1980 and 1985. Transit rail modes are measured in car-miles. Car-miles measure individual vehicle-miles in a train. A 10-car train traveling 1 mile would equal 1 train-mile and 10 car-miles.

^g Ferry boats are included in Other in 1980 and 1985.

^h National Passenger Railroad Corporation (Amtrak) began operations in 1971. Does not include contract commuter passengers.

NOTES

Air carrier passenger-kilometers are computed by summing the products of the aircraft-kilometers flown on each interairport segment multiplied by the number of passengers carried on that segment. Highway passenger-kilometers from 1960 to 1994 are calculated by multiplying vehicle-kilometers of travel as cited by FHWA by the average number of occupants for each vehicle type. Average vehicle occupancy rates are based on various sources, such as the National Household Travel Survey, conducted by the Federal Highway Administration, and the Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey, conducted by the Bureau of the Census. Transit passenger-kilometers are the cumulative sum of the distances ridden by each passenger. Rail passenger-kilometers represent the movement of 1 passenger for 1 Kilometer.

Highway data for 2007-09 were calculated using a new methodology developed by FHWA. Data for these years are based on new categories and are not comparable to previous years. The new category Light duty vehicle, short wheel base includes passenger cars, light trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles with a wheelbase (WB) equal to or less than 121 inches. The new category Light duty vehicle, long wheel base includes large passenger cars, vans, pickup trucks, and sport/utility vehicles with wheelbases (WB) larger than 121 inches.

2007 data for Bus, Paratransit (Demand responsive), and Other are not comparable to earlier years due to change in the method of data collection and estimation by the American Public Transportation Association (APTA).

Transit data from 1996 and after are not comparable to the data for earlier years or to the data published in previous editions of the report due to different data sources used.

Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

1 mile = 1.609344 kilometers

SOURCES

Air:

Air carrier, domestic, all services:

1960: Civil Aeronautics Board, Handbook of Airline Statistics, 1969 (Washington, DC: 1970), part III, table 2.

1965-70: Ibid., Handbook of Airline Statistics, 1973 (Washington, DC: 1974), part III, table 2.

1975-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Air Carrier Summary : T1: U.S. Air Carrier Traffic And Capacity Summary by Service Class, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/DL_SelectFields.asp?Table_ID=264&DB_Short_Name=Air%20Carrier%20Summary as of May 10, 2011.

Highway:

Passenger car and motorcycle:

1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

1995-2006: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

Light duty vehicle, short wheel base:

2007-09: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

Motorcycle:

1970-80: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1985 (Washington, DC: 1986), table VM-201A.

1985-2009: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicle:

1970-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

1995-2006: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

Light duty vehicle, long wheel base:

2007-09: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

Single-unit 2-axle 6-tires or more truck, combination truck, and bus:

1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, table VM-201A, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

1995-2009: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics.cfm as of Oct. 6, 2011.

Transit:

Ferryboat:

1992: American Public Transit Association, personal communication, July 19, 2000.

1993-95: American Public Transit Association, personal communication, Aug. 13, 2001.

1996-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database, available at http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram/data.htm as of May 9, 2011.

All other data:

1960-1995: American Public Transportation Association, Public Transportation Fact Book (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table 2 and similar tables in earlier editions.

1996-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database, available at http://www.ntdprogram.gov/ntdprogram/data.htm as of May 9, 2011.

Rail, Intercity / Amtrak:

1960-80: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues).

1985: Amtrak, Amtrak FY95 Annual Report (Washington, DC: 1996), Statistical Appendix, page 4.

1990-2002: Ibid., Amtrak Annual Report (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), Statistical Appendix.

2003-09: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), page 77.