Table 4-5M: Fuel Consumption by Mode of Transportation
Table 4-5M: Fuel Consumption by Mode of Transportation
1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | (R) 2000 | (R) 2001 | (R) 2002 | (R) 2003 | (R) 2004 | (R) 2005 | (R) 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificated carriersa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jet fuel (million liters) | 7,397 | 14,721 | 29,742 | 28,610 | 32,249 | 38,289 | (R) 46,228 | (R) 43,002 | (R) 43,903 | (R) 45,273 | (R) 47,320 | (R) 48,498 | (R) 49,919 | (R) 51,700 | (R) 50,358 | (R) 54,853 | 52,631 | 49,635 | 46,512 | 47,003 | 50,649 | 50,286 | 49,284 | 49,206 | 47,202 | 42,198 |
General aviationb | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aviation gasoline (million liters) | 916 | 1,105 | 2,086 | 1,560 | 1,968 | 1,594 | 1,336 | 1,340 | 1,189 | 1,014 | 1,007 | 1,086 | 1,092 | 1,106 | 1,178 | 1,307 | 1,260 | 1,057 | 1,047 | 1,031 | 1,033 | (R) 1,117 | (R) 1,073 | (R) 1,036 | (R) 939 | 861 |
Jet fuel (million liters) | N | 212 | 787 | 1,715 | 2,900 | 2,616 | 2,510 | 2,184 | 1,870 | 1,719 | 1,756 | 2,120 | 2,300 | 2,430 | 3,084 | 3,662 | 3,679 | 3,477 | 3,552 | 3,529 | 4,659 | (R) 5,779 | (R) 6,218 | (R) 5,624 | (R) 6,457 | 5,477 |
Highway | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gasoline, diesel and other fuels (million liters) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Light duty vehicle, short wheel base and motorcyclec | 155,849 | 188,222 | 256,950 | 281,078 | 265,683 | 271,414 | 264,067 | 244,163 | 248,425 | 254,554 | 257,707 | 258,424 | 262,781 | 265,335 | 272,175 | 278,207 | 277,375 | 279,180 | 286,413 | 286,352 | 286,194 | 293,778 | 284,776 | 340,883 | 325,843 | 325,678 |
Light duty vehicle, long wheel basec | N | U | 46,610 | 72,229 | 90,078 | 103,580 | 134,802 | 144,667 | 154,933 | 162,209 | 166,982 | 172,632 | 179,255 | 186,953 | 191,019 | 200,093 | 200,395 | 202,602 | 209,031 | 229,994 | 240,060 | 222,844 | 229,719 | 139,721 | 132,207 | 135,381 |
Single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck | N | 52,420 | 15,021 | 20,517 | 26,206 | 28,008 | 31,635 | 30,934 | 31,180 | 32,131 | 34,190 | 34,887 | 35,617 | 36,249 | 25,805 | 35,477 | 36,200 | 36,595 | 39,068 | 33,616 | 33,912 | 35,966 | 37,295 | 61,757 | 64,895 | 61,862 |
Combination truck | N | 25,203 | 27,815 | 34,739 | 49,350 | 53,015 | 61,070 | 63,629 | 65,170 | 67,183 | 70,609 | 74,865 | 76,437 | 76,850 | 95,233 | 92,884 | 97,155 | 96,573 | 100,236 | 90,151 | 91,573 | 104,813 | 106,395 | 116,986 | 115,686 | 106,484 |
Bus | 3,131 | 3,312 | 3,104 | 3,986 | 3,854 | 3,157 | 3,388 | 3,271 | 3,324 | 3,517 | 3,649 | 3,663 | 3,747 | 3,886 | 3,937 | 4,347 | 4,210 | 3,883 | 3,784 | 3,668 | 5,149 | 4,240 | 4,347 | 7,653 | 7,786 | 7,074 |
Transitd | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity (million kWh) | 2,908 | 2,584 | 2,561 | 2,646 | 2,446 | 4,216 | 4,837 | 4,853 | 4,716 | 4,865 | 5,081 | 5,068 | (R) 4,923 | (R) 4,908 | (R) 4,962 | (R) 5,126 | 5,382 | 5,485 | 5,529 | 5,508 | 5,657 | 5,765 | 5,770 | 6,216 | 6,337 | 4,695 |
Motor fuel (million liters) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diesele | 787 | 939 | 1,026 | 1,382 | 1,632 | 2,304 | 2,464 | 2,518 | 2,593 | 2,568 | 2,567 | 2,568 | (R) 2,025 | (R) 2,041 | (R) 2,122 | (R) 2,180 | 2,236 | 2,256 | (R) 2,551 | (R) 2,102 | (R) 2,061 | (R) 2,015 | (R) 2,062 | (R) 2,032 | (R) 2,028 | 2,491 |
Gasoline and other nondiesel fuelsf | 727 | 469 | 257 | 30 | 42 | 174 | 129 | 129 | 141 | 173 | 227 | 230 | (R) 96 | (R) 97 | (R) 84 | (R) 80 | 89 | 98 | (R) 131 | (R) 97 | (R) 108 | (R) 110 | (R) 116 | (R) 112 | (R) 119 | 371 |
Compressed natural gas | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | 4 | 6 | 18 | 41 | (R) 43 | (R) 73 | (R) 109 | (R) 132 | 165 | 199 | 249 | 301 | 328 | 355 | 419 | 408 | 427 | 538 |
Rail, Class I (in freight service) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distillate / diesel fuel (million liters) | 13,109 | 13,597 | 13,419 | 13,843 | 14,778 | 11,773 | 11,792 | 11,000 | 11,375 | 11,689 | 12,621 | 13,173 | 13,548 | 13,533 | 13,563 | 14,063 | 14,006 | 14,044 | 14,120 | 14,483 | 15,365 | 15,513 | 15,868 | 15,376 | 14,710 | 12,083 |
Amtrak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity (million kWh) | N | N | N | 180 | 254 | 295 | 330 | 303 | 300 | 301 | 309 | (R) 336 | (R) 363 | (R) 390 | (R) 416 | (R) 443 | 470 | 456 | 518 | 537 | 551 | 531 | 549 | 578 | 582 | 565 |
Distillate / diesel fuel (million liters) | N | N | N | 238 | 242 | 246 | 310 | 310 | 310 | 314 | 278 | (R) 274 | (R) 270 | (R) 286 | (R) 288 | (R) 300 | 359 | 367 | 320 | 282 | 260 | 248 | 236 | 234 | 240 | 234 |
Water | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residual fuel oil (million liters) | 14,960 | 11,708 | 14,286 | 15,369 | 33,887 | 17,375 | 23,947 | 25,639 | 24,844 | 19,994 | 20,390 | 22,282 | 21,582 | 18,965 | 21,276 | 22,100 | 24,264 | 20,477 | 18,351 | 14,664 | 17,755 | 19,603 | 21,780 | 23,950 | 19,176 | 17,199 |
Distillate / diesel fuel oil (million liters) | 2,979 | 2,468 | 3,100 | 4,156 | 5,595 | 6,431 | 7,817 | 7,745 | 8,398 | 8,157 | 8,288 | 8,854 | 9,429 | 9,743 | 9,823 | 9,158 | 8,560 | 7,738 | 7,870 | 8,392 | 8,099 | 7,592 | 7,204 | 7,283 | 4,495 | 4,793 |
Gasoline (million liters) | N | N | 2,264 | 2,763 | 3,982 | 3,986 | 4,921 | 6,473 | 4,982 | 3,307 | 3,314 | 4,014 | 3,761 | 3,737 | 3,620 | 4,157 | 4,256 | 3,762 | 4,093 | 4,192 | 3,804 | 4,773 | 4,684 | 4,624 | 4,302 | 4,279 |
Pipeline | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural gas (million cubic meters) | (R) 9,828 | (R) 14,173 | (R) 20,450 | (R) 16,508 | (R) 17,971 | (R) 14,265 | (R) 18,684 | (R) 17,027 | (R) 16,642 | (R) 17,679 | (R) 19,407 | (R) 19,831 | (R) 20,146 | (R) 21,279 | (R) 17,995 | (R) 18,273 | 18,185 | 17,697 | 18,885 | 16,749 | 16,033 | 16,538 | 16,543 | 17,595 | (R) 18,348 | 16,940 |
KEY: kWh = kilowatt-hour; N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are not available.
a Domestic operations only.
b Includes fuel used in air taxi operations, but not commuter operations. Data for 1996 are estimated using new information on nonrespondents and are therefore not comparable to earlier years. See the accuracy statement in the appendix for more detailed information.
c Data for 2007-09 were calculated using a new methodology developed by FHWA. Data for these years are based on new categories and are not comparable to previous years. The new category Light duty vehicle, short wheel base includes passenger cars, light trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles with a wheelbase (WB) equal to or less than 121 inches. The new category Light duty vehicle, long wheel base includes large passenger cars, vans, pickup trucks, and sport/utility vehicles with wheelbases (WB) larger than 121 inches. In addition, this edition of table 4-05M is not comparable to previous editions.
d Data from 1997-2009 are not comparable to data before 1997 due to different sources. Prior to 1984, excludes commuter rail, automated guideway, ferryboat, demand responsive vehicles, and most rural and small systems.
e Diesel includes Diesel and Bio-Diesel.
f Gasoline and all other nondiesel fuels include Gasoline, Liquified Petroleum Gas, Liquified Natural Gas, Methane, Ethanol, Bunker Fuel, Kerosene, Grain Additive, and Other Fuel.
NOTES:
The following conversion rates were used:
1 gallon = 3.785412 litres.
1 cubic foot = 0.028317 cubic metres.
SOURCES
Air:
Certificated air carriers:
1960-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Fuel Cost and Consumption, available at http://www.bts.gov/programs/airline_information as of Apr. 25, 2011.
General aviation:
1960-70: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, FAA Statistical Handbook of Aviation - 1972 edition (Washington, DC: 1973), table 9.12.
1975-93: Ibid., General Aviation and Air Taxi Activity Survey (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 5.1, and similar tables in earlier editions.
1994-2009: Ibid., FAA Aerospace Forecasts Fiscal Years 2011-2031 (Washington, DC: February 2011), tables 22 and 30, and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/apl/aviation_forecasts/ as of Apr 26, 2011.
Highway:
1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table VM-201A. (Revised data obtained from Internet site http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/ohimstat.htm as of August 2001).
1995-2009: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), table VM-1, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as of Apr. 25, 2011.
Transit:
Electricity / motor fuel / compressed natural gas:
1997-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transportation Database, table 17 and similar tables in previous years, available at www.ntdprogram.gov as of Apr. 26, 2011.
Rail:
1960-2009: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: Annual Issues), p. 40.
Amtrak:
1975-2009: National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak), Energy Management Department and Government Affairs Department, personal communication, Apr. 27, 2011.
Water:
Residual and distillate / diesel fuel oil:
1960-80: American Petroleum Institute, Basic Petroleum Data Book (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 10, 10a, 12, and 12a.
1985-2009: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 2, 4, and similar tables in earlier editions.
Gasoline:
1970-2009: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table MF-24 and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/hsspubs.cfm as of Apr. 26, 2011.
Pipeline:
1960-2009: U.S. Department of Energy, Natural Gas Annual 2009, DOE/EIA-0131(04) (Washington, DC: December 2010), table 15 and similar tables in earlier editions, available at http://www.eia.doe.gov/natural_gas/data_publications/natural_gas_annual/nga.html as of Apr. 26, 2011.