Table 4-21: Energy Intensity of Certificated Air Carriers, All Services

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	1960	1965	1970	1975	1980	1985	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	(R) 1996	(R) 1997	(R) 1998	(R) 1999	(R) 2000	(R) 2001	(R) 2002	(R) 2003	(R) 2004	(R) 2005	(R) 2006	(R) 2007	(R) 2008	(R) 2009	2010
Aircraft-miles (millions)
Domestic operations	858	1,134	2,068	1,638	2,276	3,026	3,963	3,854	3,995	4,156	4,378	4,628	4,807	4,437	4,480	4,774	5,089	5,110	5,230	5,896	6,366	6,529	6,423	6,534	6,247	5,757	5,807
International operations	182	284	475	334	334	415	760	807	904	958	975	998	1,103	1,160	1,256	1,294	1,385	1,373	1,348	1,426	1,592	1,723	1,798	1,881	1,895	1,778	1,859
Available seat-miles (millions)
Domestic operations	52,220	94,787	213,160	215,275	326,734	452,756	570,558	551,562	567,040	582,122	598,150	616,459	616,047	634,883	638,426	676,271	702,693	684,279	670,963	685,283	736,888	744,058	730,996	747,064	717,502	669,856	678,040
International operations	13,347	29,533	51,960	64,138	84,514	110,578	182,652	186,468	205,829	211,831	211,109	215,623	228,523	234,777	244,203	251,722	266,449	256,312	235,746	235,508	263,304	285,258	296,520	313,015	323,312	305,431	313,848
Passenger-miles (millions)
Domestic operations	30,557	51,887	104,147	119,591	190,766	275,864	345,873	338,085	354,764	362,227	388,410	403,912	419,282	439,263	449,104	473,082	500,440	473,627	472,361	498,181	548,594	573,627	577,582	595,331	570,922	541,646	555,642
International operations	8,306	16,789	27,563	34,864	53,932	73,237	126,363	125,211	138,950	143,766	149,108	154,882	166,463	173,128	176,625	185,836	200,370	184,944	178,232	175,996	203,748	221,490	232,518	246,675	252,844	238,336	253,394
Fuel consumed (million gallons)
Domestic operations	1,954	3,889	7,857	7,558	8,519	10,115	12,212	11,360	11,598	11,960	12,501	12,812	13,187	13,658	13,303	14,491	14,865	13,868	12,922	13,082	14,091	13,976	13,694	13,682	12,686	11,339	11,256
International operations	566	1,280	2,243	1,949	1,747	2,488	3,938	3,888	4,079	4,112	4,325	4,511	4,658	4,962	4,915	5,277	5,508	5,336	5,079	5,219	5,592	5,975	6,018	6,205	6,187	5,721	6,028
Seats per aircraft
Domestic operations	60.9	83.6	103.1	131.5	143.6	149.6	144.0	143.1	141.9	140.1	136.6	133.2	128.2	143.1	142.5	141.7	138.1	133.9	128.3	116.2	115.8	114.0	113.8	114.3	114.9	116.4	116.8
International operations	73.3	104.0	109.4	192.1	252.7	266.2	240.2	231.2	227.6	221.1	216.4	216.1	207.1	202.4	194.5	194.6	192.4	186.7	174.8	165.1	165.3	165.5	164.9	166.4	170.6	171.8	168.8
Seat-miles per gallon
Domestic operations	26.7	24.4	27.1	28.5	38.4	44.8	46.7	48.6	48.9	48.7	47.8	48.1	46.7	46.5	48.0	46.7	47.3	49.3	51.9	52.4	52.3	53.2	53.4	54.6	56.6	59.1	60.2
International operations	23.6	23.1	23.2	32.9	48.4	44.4	46.4	48.0	50.5	51.5	48.8	47.8	49.1	47.3	49.7	47.7	48.4	48.0	46.4	45.1	47.1	47.7	49.3	50.4	52.3	53.4	52.1
Energy intensity (Btu/passenger-mile)
Domestic operations	8,633	10,118	10,185	8,532	6,029	4,950	4,767	4,536	4,413	4,457	4,345	4,282	4,246	4,197	3,999	4,135	4,010	3,953	3,693	3,545	3,467	3,289	3,201	3,103	3,000	2,826	2,735
International operations	9,199	10,292	10,986	7,547	4,374	4,586	4,207	4,192	3,963	3,861	3,916	3,932	3,778	3,869	3,757	3,833	3,711	3,895	3,847	4,003	3,705	3,642	3,494	3,396	3,303	3,241	3,211
Load factor (percent)
Domestic operations	58.5	54.7	48.9	55.6	58.4	60.9	60.6	61.3	62.6	62.2	64.9	65.5	68.1	69.2	70.3	70.0	71.2	69.2	70.4	72.7	74.4	77.1	79.0	79.7	79.6	80.9	81.9
International operations	62.2	56.8	53.0	54.4	63.8	66.2	69.2	67.1	67.5	67.9	70.6	71.8	72.8	73.7	72.3	73.8	75.2	72.2	75.6	74.7	77.4	77.6	78.4	78.8	78.2	78.0	80.7

KEY: Btu = British thermal unit; R = revised.

^a U.S. owned carriers only. Operations of foreign-owned carriers in or out of the United States not included.

NOTES

Aircraft-miles include all four large certificated air-carrier groups (majors, nationals, large regionals, and medium regionals), scheduled and charter, passenger, and all-cargo. Fuel consumed includes majors, nationals, and large regionals, scheduled and charter, passenger, and all-cargo.

Passenger-miles include all four large certificated air-carrier groups, scheduled and charter, passenger service only.

International operations include operations outside the United States, including those between the United States and foreign countries and the United States and its territories or possessions.

Load factor: Ratio of Passenger-miles to Available seat-miles.

Heat equivalent factor used for Btu conversion is 135,000 Btu/gallon.

SOURCES

Aircraft-miles, available seat-miles, and passenger-miles:

1960-70: Air Transport Association, available at http://www.air-transport.org/ as of July 31, 2002.

1975-1995: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, T1: U.S. Air Carrier Traffic and Capacity Summary by Service Class, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/Fields.asp?Table_ID=264 as of Dec. 15, 2010.

1996-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Air Carrier Traffic Statistics, available at http://www.bts.gov/xml/air_traffic/src/index.xml#CustomizeTable as of Aug. 18, 2011.

Fuel consumed:

U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Airline Fuel Cost and Consumption, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/fuel.asp as of Aug. 18, 2011.

Seats per aircraft, seat-miles per gallon, energy intensiveness and load factor:

Derived by calculation.