Table 4-21M: Energy Intensity of Certificated Air Carriers, All Services

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	1960	1965	1970	1975	1980	1985	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	(R) 1996	(R) 1997	(R) 1998	(R) 1999	(R) 2000	(R) 2001	(R) 2002	(R) 2003	(R) 2004	(R) 2005	(R) 2006	(R) 2007	(R) 2008	(R) 2009	2010
Aircraft-kilometers (millions)
Domestic operations	1,381	1,825	3,328	2,635	3,663	4,869	6,378	6,203	6,429	6,689	7,046	7,448	7,736	7,140	7,211	7,683	8,190	8,224	8,417	9,488	10,244	10,507	10,336	10,515	10,054	9,265	9,345
International operations	293	457	764	537	538	668	1,224	1,298	1,455	1,542	1,570	1,606	1,776	1,867	2,021	2,082	2,229	2,209	2,170	2,295	2,563	2,774	2,893	3,027	3,050	2,861	2,992
Available seat-kilometers (millions)
Domestic operations	84,040	152,545	343,048	346,452	525,827	728,641	918,225	887,653	912,562	936,834	962,630	992,094	991,431	1,021,745	1,027,447	1,088,353	1,130,875	1,101,240	1,079,810	1,102,856	1,185,907	1,197,445	1,176,423	1,202,284	1,154,707	1,078,028	1,091,200
International operations	21,480	47,529	83,622	103,220	136,011	177,958	293,950	300,091	331,250	340,909	339,746	347,011	367,772	377,837	393,007	405,107	428,808	412,495	379,397	379,013	423,747	459,078	477,203	503,750	520,320	491,543	505,089
Passenger-kilometers (millions)
Domestic operations	49,177	83,504	167,608	192,464	307,008	443,959	556,629	544,096	570,938	582,948	625,086	650,033	674,768	706,925	722,763	761,352	805,380	762,228	760,192	801,745	882,876	923,164	929,528	958,093	918,810	871,694	894,220
International operations	13,367	27,019	44,358	56,109	86,795	117,863	203,361	201,508	223,619	231,369	239,966	249,258	267,896	278,622	284,251	299,075	322,465	297,639	286,837	283,238	327,900	356,453	374,201	396,985	406,913	383,565	407,798
Fuel consumed (million liters)
Domestic operations	7,397	14,721	29,742	28,610	32,249	38,289	46,228	43,002	43,903	45,273	47,320	48,498	49,919	51,700	50,358	54,853	56,272	52,496	48,916	49,520	53,339	52,904	51,839	51,791	48,021	42,924	42,608
International operations	2,143	4,845	8,491	7,378	6,614	9,418	14,906	14,717	15,442	15,565	16,373	17,078	17,633	18,782	18,607	19,974	20,850	20,197	19,226	19,755	21,169	22,616	22,779	23,487	23,419	21,657	22,818
Seats per aircraft
Domestic operations	60.9	83.6	103.1	131.5	143.6	149.6	144.0	143.1	141.9	140.1	136.6	133.2	128.2	143.1	142.5	141.7	138.1	133.9	128.3	116.2	115.8	114.0	113.8	114.3	114.9	116.4	116.8
International operations	73.3	104.0	109.4	192.1	252.7	266.2	240.2	231.2	227.6	221.1	216.4	216.1	207.1	202.4	194.5	194.6	192.4	186.7	174.8	165.1	165.3	165.5	164.9	166.4	170.6	171.8	168.8
Seat-kilometers per liter
Domestic operations	11.4	10.4	11.5	12.1	16.3	19.0	19.9	20.6	20.8	20.7	20.3	20.5	19.9	19.8	20.4	19.8	20.1	21.0	22.1	22.3	22.2	22.6	22.7	23.2	24.0	25.1	25.6
International operations	10.0	9.8	9.8	14.0	20.6	18.9	19.7	20.4	21.5	21.9	20.7	20.3	20.9	20.1	21.1	20.3	20.6	20.4	19.7	19.2	20.0	20.3	20.9	21.4	22.2	22.7	22.1
Energy intensity (kilojoule/passenger-kilometer)
Domestic operations	5,659	6,633	6,677	5,593	3,952	3,245	3,125	2,974	2,893	2,922	2,848	2,807	2,784	2,752	2,622	2,711	2,629	2,591	2,421	2,324	2,273	2,156	2,098	2,034	1,967	1,853	1,793
International operations	6,031	6,748	7,202	4,948	2,867	3,007	2,758	2,748	2,598	2,531	2,567	2,578	2,477	2,536	2,463	2,513	2,433	2,553	2,522	2,624	2,429	2,387	2,290	2,226	2,166	2,125	2,105
Load factor (percent)
Domestic operations	58.5	54.7	48.9	55.6	58.4	60.9	60.6	61.3	62.6	62.2	64.9	65.5	68.1	69.2	70.3	70.0	71.2	69.2	70.4	72.7	74.4	77.1	79.0	79.7	79.6	80.9	81.9
International operations	62.2	56.8	53.0	54.4	63.8	66.2	69.2	67.1	67.5	67.9	70.6	71.8	72.8	73.7	72.3	73.8	75.2	72.2	75.6	74.7	77.4	77.6	78.4	78.8	78.2	78.0	80.7

KEY: R = revised.

^a U.S. owned carriers only. Operations of foreign-owned carriers in or out of the United States not included.

NOTES

Aircraft-kilometers include all four large certificated air-carrier groups (majors, nationals, large regionals, and medium regionals), scheduled and charter, passenger, and all-cargo. Fuel consumed includes majors, nationals, and large regionals, scheduled and charter, passenger, and all-cargo.

Passenger-kilometers include all four large certificated air-carrier groups, scheduled and charter, passenger service only.

International operations include operations outside the United States, including those between the United States and foreign countries and the United States and its territories or possessions.

Load factor: Ratio of Passenger-kilometers to Available seat-kilometers.

Heat equivalent factor used for conversion is 37,626.7 kilojoules/liter.

1.609344 kilometers = 1 mile.

3.785412 litres = 1 gallon.

SOURCES

Aircraft-kilometers, available seat-kilometers, and passenger-kilometers:

1960-70: Air Transport Association, available at http://www.air-transport.org/ as of July 31, 2002.

1975-1995: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, T1: U.S. Air Carrier Traffic and Capacity Summary by Service Class, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/Fields.asp?Table_ID=264 as of Dec. 15, 2010.

1996-2010: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Air Carrier Traffic Statistics, available at http://www.bts.gov/xml/air_traffic/src/index.xml#CustomizeTable as of Aug. 18, 2011.

Fuel consumed:

U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Airline Fuel Cost and Consumption, available at http://www.transtats.bts.gov/fuel.asp as of Aug. 18, 2011.

Seats per aircraft, seat-kilometers per liter, energy intensiveness and load factor:

Derived by calculation.