North American Transportation in Figures

Wednesday, December 21, 2011

BTS00-05

All material contained in this report is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without special permission; citation as to source is required.

Recommended Citation

U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau; Statistics Canada; Transport Canada; Instituto Mexicano del Transporte; Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática; and Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, North American Transportation in Figures, BTS00-05, Washington, DC: 2000

To obtain copies of this report, users may contact any of the agencies listed below:

Canada

Statistics Canada
Dissemination Division
120 Parkdale Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6

Telephone:	(1-800) 700-1033 (from within Canada or the United States) (613) 951-7277 (from within Canada or the United States)
Fax:	(1-800) 889-9734 (from within Canada or the United States) (613) 951-1584 (from within Canada or the United States)
E-mail (product orders):	order@statcan.ca
Web site:	www.statcan.ca

Mexico

Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes
Dirección General de Planeación
Dirección de Información Programática
Av. Insurgentes Sur y Nebraska No. 825, 1er piso
Col. Nápoles
Del. Benito Juárez
México, D.F.
CP 03810

Telephone:	(5) 536-9189 (from within Mexico) (5) 543-9831 (from within Mexico)
Fax:	(5) 543-7283 (from within Mexico)
Web site:	www.sct.gob.mx

Instituto Mexicano del Transporte
Carretera Querétaro-Galindo Km.12
76700 Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo,
Querétaro, Qro.

Telephone:	(4) 216-9777 (from within Mexico) (4) 216-9646 (from within Mexico) (4) 216-9597 (from within Mexico)
Fax:	(4) 216-9671 (from within Mexico)
E-mail (product orders):	buzon@imt.mx publicaciones@imt.mx
Web site:	www.imt.mx

Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
Dirección General de Difusión
Dirección de Atención a Usuarios y Comercialización
Edificio Sede
Av. Héroe de Nacozari Sur No. 2301
Fracc. Jardines del Parque
20270, Aguascalientes, Ags.

Telephone:	(4) 918-2998 (from within Mexico)
E-mail (product orders):	usuario@cis.inegi.gob.mx
Web site:	www.inegi.gob.mx

United States

Customer Service
Bureau of Transportation Statistics
U.S. Department of Transportation
400 Seventh Street SW
Washington, DC 20590

Telephone:	(202) 366-3282 (from within the United States or Canada)
Fax:	(202) 366-3640 (from within the United States or Canada)
E-mail (product orders):	orders@bts.gov
Web site:	www.bts.gov

U.S. Census Bureau
1201 E. 10th Street
Building 71 Publications
Jeffersonville, IN 47132

Telephone: (812) 218-3690

Agency Identification

Canada

Transport Canada

David M. Collenette,
Minister

Margaret Bloodworth,
Deputy Minister

Policy Group

Louis Ranger,
Assistant Deputy Minister

Roger Roy,
Director General,
Economic Analysis Directorate

Statistics Canada

Ivan P. Fellegi,
Chief Statistician

Ray Ryan,
Assistant Chief Statistician, Business and Trade Statistics

George Andrusiak,
Director General, Industry Statistics

Tricia Trépanier,
Director, Transportation Division

Mexico

Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes

Carlos Ruiz Sacristán,
Secretary

Aarón Dychter Poltolarek,
Sub-Secretary of Transportation

Manuel Rodríguez Morales,
Sub-Secretary for Infrastructure

Coordinación General de Planeación y Centros SCT

Juan Rodríguez Castaeda,
Coordinator General of Planning and Centers

Abraham Zamora Torres,
Director General of Planning

Adolfo Zagal Olivares,
Director of Program Information

Instituto Mexicano del Transporte

Alfonso Rico Rodríguez,
Director General

Roberto Aguerrebere Salido,
Coordinator of Transport Integration

Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática

Antonio Puig Escudero,
President

Miguel Cervera Flores,
Director General of Statistics

Francisco Guillén,
Director General of National Accounts, Socioeconomic Studies and Prices

Gabriel Maldonado Lee,
Director of Sector, State and Regional Statistics

United States

U.S. Department of Transportation

Rodney E. Slater,
Secretary

Mortimer L. Downey,
Deputy Secretary

Bureau of Transportation Statistics

Ashish K. Sen,
Director

Richard R. Kowalewski,
Deputy Director

Susan J. Lapham,
Associate Director for Statistical Programs & Services

U.S. Department of Commerce

Norman Y. Mineta,
Secretary

Robert L. Mallett,
Deputy Secretary

U.S. Census Bureau

Kenneth Prewitt,
Director

William G. Barron,
Deputy Director

Paula J. Schneider,
Principal Associate Director for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker,
Associate Director for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Assistant Director for Economic Programs

Acknowledgments

North American Transportation Statistics Project

A tricountry working group was responsible for this project. Agencies represented included Statistics Canada and Transport Canada from Canada; the Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, the Instituto Mexicano del Transporte and the Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI) from Mexico; and the Bureau of Transportation Statistics and the Census Bureau from the United States. The final product, however, would not have been possible without the many substantial contributions from people in each country who were not members of the working group, and who are represented by the supporting agencies and organizations listed below.

Coordination

Lisa Randall,
Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation

North American Transportation Statistics Project Working Group Members

Roberto Aguerrebere Salido,
Instituto Mexicano del Transporte

Jeff Allen,
Statistics Canada

Miguel Angel Backhoff,
Instituto Mexicano del Transporte

Irwin Bess,
Statistics Canada

Ruth Bramblett,
Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce

Carol Brandt,
Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation

Josefina Flores,
Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes

Alicia Guerrero,
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática

Enrique Juárez,
Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes

Peter Kennedy,
Transport Canada

John Lawson,
Transport Canada

Felipe Leyva,
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática

José Luis Bermdez,
Instituto Mexicano del Transporte

Victor Palacios Aguilar,
Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes

Gilles Paré,
Statistics Canada

Brigitte Parent,
Transport Canada

Lisa Randall,
Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation

Oscar Rico,
Instituto Mexicano del Transporte

Norman Tague,
Maritime Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation

Rolf Schmitt,
Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation

Garry Tulipan,
Transport Canada

Thomas Zabelsky,
Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce

The contributions of the following people to this project are also gratefully acknowledged:
Felix Ammah-Tagoe,
Audrey Buyrn,
Bingsong Fang,
Roberto Flores,
Xiaoli Han,
William Mallett,
Erika McDonald and,
Tonia Rifaey.

Supporting Agencies and Organizations

Canada

Canadian National Railways

Canadian Pacific Railway Company

Natural Resources Canada

NAV CANADA

Saint Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation

Transportation Association of Canada

Transportation Safety Board of Canada

Mexico

Banco de México, Dirección General de Investigación Económica

Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, Coordinación General de Puertos y Marina Mercante

Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México

Secretaría de Turismo, Dirección General de Política Turística

United States

American Public Transit Association

Association of American Railroads

Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis

Department of Defense, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration

Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics

Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration

Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration

Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration

Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration

Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration

Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Department of Transportation, Research and Special Projects Administration

Department of Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard

Environmental Protection Agency

National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak)

National Transportation Safety Board

Publication Support:

Walter C. Odom, Michael G. Garland, Gary Lauffer, Benjamin Cromer, Barbara Abbott, Gloria Davis, Kevin Proctor, and Laurene Qualls, U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce

Marsha Fenn and Chip Moore, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation

Martha Courtney, MacroSys

Cover design: Vincent Hughes, Visualization

Preface

North American Transportation in Figures examines transportation and transportation-related passenger, freight, economic, safety, energy, environmental and demographic statistics relating to Canada, Mexico and the United States. This publication serves to increase awareness of transportation-related statistics currently available in each of the three countries, helps to assess comparability of the data, determines where information gaps exist and reveals which additional data are needed for a more complete picture of transportation in North America.

This project is a direct result of the North American Transportation Statistics Interchange, a tripartite initiative representing the transportation and statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Updates to this publication will continue on a periodic basis.

Note: Page numbers refer to print version of NATF.

Introduction	xix
Section 1: Country Overview
Table 1-1. National Population and Labor Force	3
Figure 1-1a. Percent Share of North American Population: 1990, 1995 and 1996	4
Figure 1-1b. Percent Change in Population: 1990 to 1996	4
Figure 1-1c. Percent Share of North American Labor Force: 1990, 1995 and 1996	5
Figure 1-1d. Labor Force as a Percent of Total National Population: 1996	5
Table 1-1a. Top 25 Canadian Population Centers: 1996	6
Table 1-1b. Top 25 Mexican Population Centers: 1995	6
Table 1-1c. Top 25 U.S. Population Centers: 1996	7
Map 1. Top 25 Population Centers per Country: 1996	8
Table 1-2. Area	7
Table 1-3. Gross Domestic Product by Industry	9
Figure 1-3a. Percent Share of GDP Industry Category: 1996	10
Figure 1-3b. Percent Change in GDP Industry Category: 1990 to 1996	11
Figure 1-3c. Percent Share of Transportation Industry GDP bySubcategory: 1996	12
Section 2: Transportation and the Economy
Table 2-1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Attributed to Transportation-Related Final Demand	15
Table 2-2. Personal Consumption Expenditures on Transportation by Subcategory of Expenditure	17
Figure 2-2a. Percent Share of Personal Consumption Expenditures for Transportation by Major Subcategory: 1996	18
Figure 2-2b. Percent Change in Personal Consumption Expenditures for Transportation by Major Subcategory: 1990 to 1996	18
Table 2-3. Government Expenditures for Transportation by Mode	19
Table 2-4. Employment in Transportation and Related Industries	21
Table 2-5. Employment in Transportation-Related Occupations	23
Table 2-6. Receipts and Payments Related to International Merchandise and Services Trade	25
Table 2-7a. Canada's Receipts From and Payments to Mexico for Merchandise and Services Trade	27
Table 2-7b. Canada's Receipts From and Payments to the United States for Merchandise and Services Trade	28
Table 2-8a. U.S. Receipts From and Payments to Canada for Merchandise and Services Trade	29
Table 2-8b. U.S. Receipts From and Payments to Mexico for Merchandise and Services Trade	30
Section 3: Transportation Safety
Table 3-1. Transportation Fatalities by Mode	33
Table 3-2. Transportation Injuries by Mode	35
Table 3-3. Motor Vehicle Fatality and Injury Rates	37
Figure 3-3. Road Fatality Rate per 10,000 Vehicles: 1990, 1995 and 1996	38
Table 3-4. Air Carrier Fatality and Injury Rates	39
Section 4: Transportation, Energy and the Environment
Table 4-1. Energy Consumption by the Transportation Sector	43
Figure 4-1. Transportation's Percent Share of Total Energy Consumption: 1996	44
Table 4-2. Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation	45
Table 4-3. Estimated Consumption of Alternative and Replacement Fuels for Road Motor Vehicles	47
Table 4-4. Average Price of Fossil Fuel to End-Users	48
Table 4-5. New Model Year Fuel Efficiency for Road Motor Vehicles	50
Table 4-6a. Federal Emission Control Requirements for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks: Model Year	51
Table 4-6b. Federal Emission Control Requirements for Heavy Trucks: Model Year	53
Section 5: Domestic Freight Activity
Table 5-1. Domestic Freight Activity by Mode (Metric Tons)	57
Table 5-2. Domestic Freight Activity by Mode (Metric Ton-Kilometers)	59
Figure 5-2a. Percent Modal Share, Excluding Pipelines, of Total Metric Ton-Kilometers: 1996	61
Figure 5-2b. Percent Modal Share, Including Pipelines, of Total Metric Ton-Kilometers: 1996	61
Table 5-3a. Top Canadian Domestic Freight Commodities by Mode: 1996	62
Table 5-3b. Top Mexican Domestic Freight Commodities by Mode: 1996	63
Table 5-3c. Top U.S. Domestic Freight Commodities by Mode: 1993	64
Table 5-4a. Top Canadian Domestic Freight Interprovincial Pairs by Mode: 1996	65
Map 2. Top Canadian Domestic Freight Interprovincial Pairs by Mode: 1996	66
Table 5-4b. Top U.S. Domestic Freight Interstate Pairs by Mode: 1993	67
Map 3. Top U.S. Domestic Freight Interstate Pairs by Mode: 1993	68
Table 5-5a. Top Canadian Domestic Freight Area Pairs by Mode: 1996	69
Table 5-5b. Top Mexican Domestic Freight Area Pairs by Mode: 1996	70
Map 4. Top Mexican Domestic Freight Area Pairs by Mode: 1996	71
Section 6: North American Merchandise Trade
Table 6-1a. Canadian Merchandise Trade With Mexico and the United States by Mode of Transportation (Value)	75
Table 6-1b. Mexican Merchandise Trade With Canada and the United States by Mode of Transportation (Value)	76
Table 6-1c. U.S. Merchandise Trade With Canada and Mexico by Mode of Transportation (Value)	78
Table 6-2a. Canadian Merchandise Trade With Mexico and the United States by Mode of Transportation (Metric Tons)	80
Table 6-2b. Mexican Merchandise Trade With Canada and the United States by Mode of Transportation (Metric Tons)	81
Table 6-2c. U.S. Merchandise Trade With Canada and Mexico by Mode of Transportation (Metric Tons)	83
Table 6-3a. Top Canadian Gateways for North American Merchandise Trade by Mode: 1996	85
Table 6-3b. Top Mexican Gateways for North American Merchandise Trade by Mode: 1996	87
Table 6-3c. Top U.S. Gateways for North American Merchandise Trade by Mode: 1996	88
Table 6-4a. Top Mexican Maritime Intransit Shipment Ports: January-June 1997	90
Table 6-4b. Top U.S. Maritime Intransit Shipment Ports: 1996	91
Table 6-5a. Top Land Freight Crossing Ports, Canadian-U.S. Border: 1996	92
Table 6-5b. Top Land Freight Crossing Ports, Mexican-U.S. Border: 1996	93
Map 5. Series of Maps Showing Border Crossing Facilities	94
Table 6-6a. Top Canadian Merchandise Trade Commodities by Mode With Mexico: 1996	99
Table 6-6b. Top Canadian Merchandise Trade Commodities by Mode With the United States: 1996	100
Table 6-7a. Top Mexican Merchandise Trade Commodities by Mode With Canada: 1996	101
Table 6-7b. Top Mexican Merchandise Trade Commodities by Mode With the United States: 1996	102
Table 6-8a. Top U.S. Merchandise Trade Commodities by Mode With Canada: 1996	103
Table 6-8b. Top U.S. Merchandise Trade Commodities by Mode With Mexico: 1996	104
Section 7: International Merchandise Trade Between North America and the Rest of the World
Table 7-1. International Merchandise Trade Between North America and the Rest of the World by Value	107
Table 7-2. International Merchandise Trade Between North America and the Rest of the World by Weight	109
Table 7-3a. Top Canadian International Merchandise Trade Gateways by Mode: 1996	111
Table 7-3b. Top U.S. International Merchandise Trade Gateways by Mode: 1996	113
Table 7-4a. Top Canadian International Trade Commodities by Value: 1996	114
Table 7-4b. Top Mexican International Trade Commodities by Value: 1996	115
Table 7-4c. Top U.S. International Trade Commodities by Value: 1996	116
Table 7-5a. Top Canadian International Trade Commodities by Weight: 1996	117
Table 7-5b. Top U.S. International Trade Commodities by Weight: 1996	118
Section 8: Domestic Passenger Travel
Table 8-1. Domestic Passenger Travel by Mode	121
Table 8-2a. Top Canadian Domestic Passenger Metropolitan Area Pairs by Mode: 1996	123
Map 6. Top Canadian Domestic Passenger Metropolitian Area Pairs by Mode: 1996	124
Table 8-2b. Top Mexican Domestic Passenger Metropolitan Area Pairs by Mode: 1996	123
Map 7. Top Mexican Domestic Passenger Metropolitan Area Pairs by Mode: 1996	125
Table 8-2c. Top U.S. Domestic Passenger Metropolitan Area Pairs by Mode: 1995	126
Map 8. Top U.S. Domestic Passenger Metropolitan Area Pairs by Mode: 1995	127
Section 9: North American Passenger Travel
Table 9-1a. Canada-Mexico/Mexico-Canada Travel by Mode of Transportation	131
Table 9-1b. Canada-United States/United States-Canada Travel by Mode of Transportation	132
Table 9-1c. Mexico-United States/United States-Mexico Travel by Mode of Transportation	134
Figure 9-1a. Percent Share of Total Travel Between Canada and Mexico: 1996	136
Figure 9-1b. Percent Share of Total Travel Between Canada and the United States: 1996	136
Figure 9-1c. Percent Share of Total Travel Between Mexico and the United States: 1996	136
Figure 9-1d. Same Day vs. Overnight Travel, Percent Share of Total Travel Between Canada and the United States: 1996	136
Figure 9-1e. Same Day vs. Overnight Travel, Percent Share of Total Travel Between Mexico and the United States: 1996	137
Figure 9-1f. Percent Modal Share of Canadian-U.S. Same Day Passenger Travel: 1996	137
Figure 9-1g. Percent Modal Share of Canadian-U.S. Overnight Passenger Travel: 1996	137
Figure 9-1h. Percent Modal Share of Mexican-U.S. Overnight Passenger Travel: 1996	137
Table 9-2a. Top Land Passenger Ports, Canadian-U.S. Border: 1996	138
Table 9-2b. Top Land Passenger Ports, Mexican-U.S. Border: 1996	140
Table 9-3. Top North American Air Passenger City Pairs: 1996	141
Map 9. Top North American Air Passenger City Pairs: 1996	142
Table 9-4a. Canada-Mexico/Mexico-Canada Travel by Trip Purpose	143
Table 9-4b. Canada-United States/United States-Canada Travel by Trip Purpose	144
Table 9-5a. Canada-Mexico/Mexico-Canada Travel Characteristics: 1996	145
Table 9-5b. Canada-United States/United States-Canada Travel Characteristics: 1996	147
Section 10: International Passenger Travel Between North America and the Rest of the World
Table 10-1. Passenger Travel Between North America and the Rest of the World by Mode of Transportation	151
Table 10-2. Top International Origins and Destinations Outside of North America: 1996	153
Table 10-3. Top International Air Gateways, Excluding North American Travel: 1996	154
Section 11: Transportation Infrastructure
Table 11-1. Domestic Physical System Extent	157
Figure 11-1a. Extent of Road Network (4 or More Lanes): 1990 and 1995	159
Figure 11-1b. Growth in Kilometers of Road (4 or More Lanes): 1990 to 1995	159
Table 11-2. Number of Airports	160
Table 11-2a. Top 20 Canadian Airports by Flight Operations: 1996	161
Table 11-2b. Top 20 Mexican Airports by Flight Operations: 1996	162
Table 11-2c. Top 20 U.S. Airports by Flight Operations: 1996	163
Table 11-3. Number of Water Ports and Facilities	165
Table 11-4a. Top 20 Canadian Water Ports by Tonnage (Domestic and International): 1996	166
Table 11-4b. Top 20 Mexican Water Ports by Tonnage (Domestic and International): 1996	167
Table 11-4c. Top 20 U.S. Water Ports by Tonnage (Domestic and International): 1996	168
Map 10. North American Water Ports, Top 20 by Tonnage for Each Country: 1996	164
Table 11-5. Toll Roads, Bridges and Tunnels	169
Section 12: Transportation Vehicles
Table 12-1. Number of Transportation Vehicles/Equipment	173
Figure 12-1a. Growth in Number of Total Road Vehicles: 1990 to 1996	177
Figure 12-1b. Total Road Vehicles per 1,000 Residents: 1996	177
Table 12-2. Vehicle-Kilometers by Mode	178
Appendix A: Overview of Transportation Statistics in Canada, Mexico and the United States	183
Appendix B: Additional Sources and Technical Notes	217
Appendix C: Reference Resources	331
Source Acronyms	331
International Currency Exchange Rates	333
State and Provincial Abbreviations	334
Conversion Ratios for Metric-U.S. Measures	335
Land Port Names, Canadian-U.S. Border	336
Land Port Names, Mexican-U.S. Border	341
Harmonized Tariff Schedule for International Merchandise Trade	345
Appendix D: Tables in U.S. Measures	349

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North American Transportation in Figures