Table 2-4: Key Provisions of Safety Belt Use Laws: 2002
Table 2-4: Key Provisions of Safety Belt Use Laws: 2002
State | Effective1 | Enforcement2 | Fine | Seats covered | Vehicles exempted9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 7/18/1992 | Primary | $25 | Front | Designed for >10 passengers; model year <1965. Exemptions for medical reasons, rural mail carriers, and paper delivery. |
Alaska | 9/12/1990 | Secondary | $15 | All | School bus. |
Arizona | 1/1/1991 | Secondary | $10 | All | Designed for >10 passengers; model year < 1972. |
Arkansas | 7/15/1991 | Secondary | $25 | Front | School, church, or public bus; model year <1968. |
California | 1/1/1986 | Primary | $20 | All | None. |
Colorado | 7/1/1987 | Secondary | $17 | Front | Passenger bus, school bus, farm tractor, implements of husbandry. |
Connecticut | 1/1/1986 | Primary | $37 | Front | Truck or bus >15,000 lbs. |
Delaware | 1/1/1992 | Secondary | $20 | Front | Postal service vehicles. |
District of Columbia | 12/12/1985 | Primary | $505 | All | Seating >8 people. |
Florida | 7/1/1986 | Secondary | $30 | Front | School bus, public bus, truck >5,000 lbs. |
Georgia | 9/1/1988 | Primary | $15 | Front | Designed for >10 passengers; pickup truck. |
Hawaii | 2/16/1985 | Primary | $45 | Front | Bus or school bus >10,000 lbs. |
Idaho | 7/1/1986 | Secondary | $5 | Front | >8,000 lbs. |
Illinois | 7/1/1985 | Secondary | $25 | Front | None. |
Indiana | 7/1/1987 | Primary | $25 | Front | Truck, tractor, RV. |
Iowa | 7/1/1986 | Primary | $25 | Front | None. |
Kansas | 7/1/1986 | Secondary | $10 | Front | Designed for >10 people; truck >12,000 lbs. |
Kentucky | 7/13/1994 | Secondary | $25 | All | Designed for >10 people. |
Louisiana | 7/1/1986 | Primary | $25 | Front | Designed for >10 people; model year <1981. |
Maine | 12/27/1995 | Secondary | $25-$50 | All seats | |
Maryland | 7/1/1986 | Primary | $25 | Front | Historic vehicle. |
Massachusetts | 2/1/1994 | Secondary | $25 | All seats | Truck >18,000 lbs; bus and taxi operators. |
Michigan | 7/1/1985 | Primary | $25 | Front | Taxi, bus, school bus. |
Minnesota | 8/1/1986 | Secondary | $25 | Front | Farm pickup truck. |
Mississippi | 3/20/1990 | Secondary | $25 | Front | Farm vehicle, bus; exemptions for medical reasons and letter carriers. |
Missouri | 9/28/1985 | Secondary | $10 | Front | Designed for >10 people; truck >12,000 lbs. |
Montana | 10/1/1987 | Secondary | $20 | All | Specially licensed motor vehicles and vehicles that make frequent stops. |
Nebraska | 1/1/1993 | Secondary | $25 | Front | Model year <1973. |
Nevada | 7/1/1987 | Secondary | $25 | All | Taxi, bus, school bus. |
New Hampshire | None | No adult law | NA | NA | School bus, vehicle for hire; model year <1968. |
New Jersey | 3/1/1985 | Primary | $206 | Front | None. |
New Mexico | 1/1/1986 | Primary | $255 | All | >10,000 lbs. |
New York | 12/1/1984 | Primary | $50-$1007 | Front | Bus, school bus, taxi, emergency vehicle. |
North Carolina | 10/1/1985 | Primary | $25 | Front | Designed for >10 people. |
North Dakota | 7/14/1994 | Secondary | $20 | Front | Designed for >10 people. |
Ohio | 5/6/1986 | Secondary | $25 | Front | None. |
Oklahoma | 2/1/1987 | Primary | $20 | Front | Farm vehicle, truck, truck tractor, RV. |
Oregon | 12/7/1990 | Primary | $75 | All | Newspaper, mail, meter, transit vehicle.10 |
Pennsylvania | 11/23/1987 | Secondary3 | $10 | Front | Truck >7,000 lbs. |
Rhode Island | 6/18/1991 | Secondary | $50 | All | Manufactured before July 1, 1966; letter carriers; persons with physical/medical reasons, with a note from a licensed physician. |
South Carolina | 7/1/1989 | Secondary | $10 | All | School bus, public bus; vehicle with no belts in rear seating areas. |
South Dakota | 1/1/1995 | Secondary | $20 | Front | Passenger bus, school bus. |
Tennessee | 4/21/1986 | Secondary | $10 | Front | >8,500 lbs. |
Texas | 9/1/1985 | Primary | $25-$50 | Front | Designed for >10 people, truck over 15,000 lbs, farm vehicle. |
Utah | 4/28/1986 | Secondary | $45 | All | None. |
Vermont | 1/1/1994 | Secondary | $10 | All | Bus, taxi. |
Virginia | 1/1/1988 | Secondary | $25 | Front | Designed for >10 people, taxi. |
Washington | 6/11/1986 | Primary4 | $86 | All | Designed for >10 people. |
West Virginia | 9/1/1993 | Secondary | $25 | Front | Designed for >10 people. |
Wisconsin | 12/1/1987 | Secondary | $10 | All | Taxi, farm truck. |
Wyoming | 6/8/1989 | Secondary | $258 | All | Persons with physical/medical exemption documented by physician's signature; postal vehicles; children riding in child seats as required by law. |
1 Effective date of first belt law in the state; 2 Primary enforcement enables police officers to stop vehicles and write citations whenever they observe a violation of the seat belt law. Secondary enforcement allows police officers to write a citation for seat belt infractions only after stopping a vehicle for some other traffic infraction; 3 Pennsylvania's fine is $10, but with court, EMS, judicial, and computer costs the ticket total is $51.50; 4 Effective June 2002; 5 Plus 2 points on license; 6$20 for seat belt violation, $10-$25 for child seat violation; 7 Plus 3 points on license. Front seat passengers 16 and older can be fined up to $50 and drivers can be fined up to $100 for each passenger under 16 not wearing a seat belt; 8 Fine for driver is $25, fine for passengers over 12 years is $10; 9 Most states exempt vehicles not manufactured with seatbelts; 10 Police/emergency vehicles exempted in some situations.
KEY: NA = not applicable; RV = recreational vehicle.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Traffic Safety Facts 2003 Early Edition, Washington, DC: 2004, available at http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/TSFAnn/TSF2003EarlyEdition.pdf as of Oct. 27, 2004.