Table 3-3 Hazardous Materials Shipments by Transportation Mode: 2007 and 2012
| Transportation mode | Value ($ billions) | Tons (millions) | Ton-miles1 | Average distance per shipment (miles) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 2012 | 2007 | 2012 | 2007 | 2012 | 2007 | 2012 | |
| All modes, total | 1,448.2 | 2,334.4 | 2,231.1 | 2,580.2 | 323.5 | 307.5 | 96 | 114 |
| Single modes, total | 1,370.6 | 2,304.7 | 2,111.6 | 2,552.9 | 279.1 | 275.6 | 65 | 68 |
| Truck2 | 837.1 | 1,466.0 | 1,202.8 | 1,531.4 | 104.0 | 96.6 | 59 | 56 |
| For-hire | 358.8 | 870.9 | 495.1 | 882.3 | 63.3 | 62.0 | 214 | 150 |
| Private | 478.3 | 595.1 | 707.7 | 649.1 | 40.7 | 34.5 | 32 | 33 |
| Rail | 69.2 | 79.2 | 129.7 | 111.0 | 92.2 | 84.9 | 578 | 808 |
| Water | 69.2 | 217.8 | 149.8 | 283.6 | 37.1 | 54.9 | 383 | 212 |
| Air | 1.7 | 4.4 | S | Z | S | Z | 1,095 | 1,120 |
| Pipeline3 | 393.4 | 537.3 | 628.9 | 626.7 | S | S | S | S |
| Multiple modes, total | 71.1 | 29.7 | 111.0 | 27.3 | 42.9 | 31.9 | 834 | 654 |
| Truck and rail | 7.1 | 13.3 | 11.7 | 17.0 | 10.1 | 16.6 | 779 | 954 |
| Truck and water | 23.5 | S | 36.6 | S | 12.4 | S | 1010 | 1,181 |
| Rail and water | 5.2 | 2.5 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 1,506 | S |
| Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or Courier | 7.7 | 10.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 836 | 650 |
| Other multiple modes | 27.7 | 0.0 | 56.8 | 0.0 | 17.3 | 0.0 | 233 | 0 |
| Other modes | 6.5 | 0.0 | 8.5 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 58 | 0 |
KEY: S = data are not published because estimate did not meet publication standards. By far, the most common reason for suppressing a cell is a high coefficient of variation (greater than 50 percent).; Z = rounds to zero.
1 Ton-miles estimates are based on estimated distances traveled along a modeled transportation network.
2 Truck as a single mode includes shipments that went by private truck only or by for-hire truck only.
3 Excludes crude petroleum shipments.
NOTE: Value-of-shipment estimates have not been adjusted for price changes. Numbers and percents may not add to totals due to rounding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics and U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, 2012 Commodity Flow Survey, Hazardous Materials (Washington, DC: February 2015), table 1b, available at www.bts.gov/publications/commodity_flow_survey/ as of March 2016.